ArticlePlant physiology2022
SHOOT MERISTEMLESS participates in the heterophylly of Hygrophila difformis (Acanthaceae).
Article in Plant physiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advancing our understanding of photosynthesis: discoveries and insights from aquatic plants.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2027Review
- Uncovering the Secrets of How Plants Adapt to Water Stress.Plant, cell & environment · 2026Review
- Progressive oxygenation of developing leaves directs morphogenesis.Science advances · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic analyses reveal common heterophylly regulations in eight amphibious eudicots.Plant & cell physiology · 2026Article
- Chromosome-level genome of Proserpinaca palustris reveals key KNOX genes related to heterophylly formation.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- The GhWL1-GhH1-GhGA2OX1 Transcriptional Module Regulates Cotton Leaf Morphology.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- GHCU, a Molecular Chaperone, Regulates Leaf Curling by Modulating the Distribution of KNGH1 in Cotton.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Cooperation of an external carbonic anhydrase and HCO3- transporter supports underwater photosynthesis in submerged leaves of the amphibious plant Hygrophila difformis.Annals of botany · 2024Article
- Expression divergence of expansin genes drive the heteroblasty in Ceratopteris chingii.BMC biology · 2023Article
- Integrating genome-wide association and transcriptome analysis to provide molecular insights into heterophylly and eco-adaptability in woody plants.Horticulture research · 2023Article
- Enhanced genome-wide association reveals the role of YABBY11-NGATHA-LIKE1 in leaf serration development of Populus.Plant physiology · 2023Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
In heterophyllous plants, leaf shape shows remarkable plasticity in response to environmental conditions. However, transgenic studies of heterophylly are lacking and the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we cloned the KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX family gene SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM) from the heterophyllous plant Hygrophila difformis (Acanthaceae). We used molecular, morphogenetic, and biochemical tools to explore its functions in heterophylly. HdSTM was detected in different organs of H. difformis, and its expression changed with environmental conditions. Heterologous, ectopic expression of HdSTM in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) increased leaf complexity and CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON (CUC) transcript levels. However, overexpression of HdSTM in H. difformis did not induce the drastic leaf change in the terrestrial condition. Overexpression of HdSTM in H. difformis induced quick leaf variations in submergence, while knockdown of HdSTM led to disturbed leaf development and weakened heterophylly in H. difformis. HdCUC3 had the same spatiotemporal expression pattern as HdSTM. Biochemical analysis revealed a physical interaction between HdSTM and HdCUC3. Our results provide genetic evidence that HdSTM is involved in regulating heterophylly in H. difformis.
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