ArticleGlobal pediatric health2022
The Role of Maternal and Environmental Factors During Pregnancy on the Risk of Hypospadias Occurrence.
Article in Global pediatric health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular analysis of individuals with suspected 46,XY differences of sex development in a homogenous and understudied population.Human molecular genetics · 2026Article
- Parental smoking and risk of hypospadias: An updated meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
Introduction and Objectives: Hypospadias is a congenital disorder in boys in which the urethral meatus is located on the ventral penis. The incidence rate of hypospadias is increasing, however, there is still no literature regarding how significant is the role of maternal and environmental factors to the risk of hypospadias, especially in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the maternal and environmental factors during pregnancy to the risk of hypospadias. Materials and Methods: This study was an analytical observational study with a case control design. The subjects were mothers who gave birth to children with hypospadias, compared to normal, who visited the urology, pediatric-surgery, plastic-surgery, and pediatric clinic at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Results: A total of 120 samples (60 cases and 60 control) were included in this study. There were 14 maternal factors, which 5 of them found significantly correlated with hypospadias, including maternal occupation as an industrial worker ( Conclusion: Several maternal and environmental factors were found significantly correlated to hypospadias occurrence. Among these, mosquito-repellant usage was found to be the most significant factor.
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