ReviewFluids and barriers of the CNS2022
Role of aging in Blood-Brain Barrier dysfunction and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection: impacts on neurological symptoms of COVID-19.
Review in Fluids and barriers of the CNS, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Viral infection states, immune control, and adult cognition: evidence across latency, persistence, and post-acute responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Clinical Features of Central Nervous System Complications Caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Article
- The age-dependent neuroglial interaction with peripheral immune cells in coronavirus-induced neuroinflammation with a special emphasis on COVID-19.Biogerontology · 2025Review
- Aging, vascular dysfunction, and the blood-brain barrier: unveiling the pathophysiology of stroke in older adults.Biogerontology · 2025Review
- Neurological complications caused by SARS-CoV-2.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- The Role of ACE2 in Neurological Disorders: From Underlying Mechanisms to the Neurological Impact of COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Engineered Wnt7a ligands rescue blood-brain barrier and cognitive deficits in a COVID-19 mouse model.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Caveolin-1 mediates blood-brain barrier permeability, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2024Article
- The S1 subunits of SARS-CoV-2 variants differentially trigger the IL-6 signaling pathway in human brain endothelial cells and downstream impact on microglia activation.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2024Article
- Antigen non-specific CD8bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Mast cell activation triggered by SARS-CoV-2 causes inflammation in brain microvascular endothelial cells and microglia.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Mitochondria in COVID-19: from cellular and molecular perspective.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Review
- Vascular Dysfunctions Contribute to the Long-Term Cognitive Deficits Following COVID-19.Biology · 2023Review
- The role of the blood-brain barrier during neurological disease and infection.Biochemical Society transactions · 2023Review
- Review of Neurological Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2.Cureus · 2023Review
- Review
- Long COVID in the context of social determinants of health.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
COVID-19, which is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in devastating morbidity and mortality worldwide due to lethal pneumonia and respiratory distress. In addition, the central nervous system (CNS) is well documented to be a target of SARS-CoV-2, and studies detected SARS-CoV-2 in the brain and the cerebrospinal fluid of COVID-19 patients. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) was suggested to be the major route of SARS-CoV-2 infection of the brain. Functionally, the BBB is created by an interactome between endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, and neurons, which form the neurovascular units (NVU). However, at present, the interactions of SARS-CoV-2 with the NVU and the outcomes of this process are largely unknown. Moreover, age was described as one of the most prominent risk factors for hospitalization and deaths, along with other comorbidities such as diabetes and co-infections. This review will discuss the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the NVU, the expression profile of SARS-CoV-2 receptors in the different cell types of the CNS and the possible role of aging in the neurological outcomes of COVID-19. A special emphasis will be placed on mitochondrial functions because dysfunctional mitochondria are also a strong inducer of inflammatory reactions and the "cytokine storm" associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Finally, we will discuss possible drug therapies to treat neural endothelial function in aged patients, and, thus, alleviate the neurological symptoms associated with COVID-19.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.