ArticleSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2023
Associations between cardiometabolic phenotypes and levels of TNF-α, CRP, and interleukins in obstructive sleep apnea.
Article in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Salivary Aldosterone as a Biomarker for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Diagnostic Performance and the Moderating Role of Mean Arterial Pressure-A Cross-Sectional Study.Clocks & sleep · 2026Article
- Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Their Association with Interleukin-6 in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Observational
- Expression of Inflammatory Markers in Ascending Thoracic Aorta in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy Alters Monocyte Activation and Immune Phenotype in Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Relation to Hypoxic Burden.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between Hepcidin and the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Obesity.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mechanistic Overlaps Between Sleep and Headache Disorders: From Dopaminergic Dysfunction to Neuroinflammation-A Narrative Review.Clocks & sleep · 2026Review
- Physical activity reduces cancer mortality but not cardiovascular or all-cause mortality in obstructive sleep apnea: a National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)-based analysis.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Unveiling the molecular and cellular links between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome and vascular aging.Chinese medical journal · 2025Review
- Ferroptosis as a Potential Mechanism in the Pathophysiology of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Review
- Causal Relationship Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Temporomandibular Disorders: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis.Nature and science of sleep · 2024Article
- Clinical significance of elevated soluble T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 1 and soluble P-selectin in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.Saudi medical journal · 2023Article
- Adipokines and Inflammatory Markers in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients with and without Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Comparative Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Unraveling the associations and causalities between glucose metabolism and multiple sleep traits.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) shows a chronic inflammatory state which is often accompanied by cardiometabolic phenotypes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether or not there were differences of inflammatory proteins levels in patients with OSA with and without a certain phenotype so as to explore the associations between inflammation and additional OSA phenotypes.
methodsThe literature was systematically screened and available data were collected on levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and several interleukins (ILs) in patients with OSA with and without a certain phenotype. Overall effect size of standard mean difference (SMD) was used to compare the expression of differences between the two groups. Data analysis was conducted by Review Manager 5.3, and the threshold of p value was set as < 0.05.
resultsA total of 31 articles were included, covering five traits of obesity, hypertension (HBP), metabolic syndrome (MS), heart disease, and sex. There were elevated levels of TNF-α (SMD = 0.63, p = 0.03), CRP (SMD = 0.64, p = 0.0001), and IL-6 (SMD = 0.83, p = 0.008) levels in OSA with obesity. Also, OSA with HBP showed significant increases of TNF-α (SMD = 0.36, p = 0.02), CRP (SMD = 0.98, p = 0.01), and IL-6 (SMD = 0.76, p < 0.0001) levels. A higher CRP level was also observed in OSA with MS (SMD = 0.31, p = 0.004) and female sex (SMD = 0.21, p = 0.002). There were no statistical differences for IL-1β (p = 0.22) and CRP (p = 0.14) levels of OSA with obesity and heart disease respectively compared with OSA without corresponding phenotype. TNF-α (p = 0.66) and IL-6 (p = 0.49) levels also lacked statistically significant differences between female and male patients with OSA.
conclusionsOur results revealed that inflammatory proteins TNF-α, CRP, and IL-6 levels were higher in obese and hypertensive patients with OSA and CRP levels were higher in OSA with metabolic syndrome, highlighting a link between inflammation and cardiometabolic complications in patients with OSA.
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