ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2022
Adolescent and adult time trends in US hallucinogen use, 2002-19: any use, and use of ecstasy, LSD and PCP.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes over time in hallucinogen-related emergency department visits in Ontario, Canada.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Hallucinogen-Psychosis Associations Are Confounded by Baseline Psychiatric History.The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2026Article
- Child and maternal health outcomes following antenatal exposure to classic psychedelic substances: a systematic review.Research square · 2026Article
- Association Between Lifetime Hallucinogen Use and Valvular Heart Disease: Findings from the All of Us Research Program.Journal of psychoactive drugs · 2026Article
- Unusual experiences and early-onset psychosis associated to hallucinogen use in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2026Review
- Hallucinogen use in the United States, 2021-2023: Diverging trends and subgroup patterns.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2026Article
- Perceived Availability of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide in the United States from 2015 to 2019.Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Adverse outcomes following psychedelic use in adolescents and adults: associations with age and personality traits.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2026Article
- Baseline Mood and "Relational Triad" Predict Acute Qualities of Psychedelic Experience.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cannabis and Psychedelics Among U.S. Young Adults: Use, Messaging Exposure, Perceptions, and Legalization Support.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Designing evaluation infrastructure for psychedelic harm reduction at events: a methodological framework with formative mixed-methods field application.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Hospital-based care for hallucinogens and risk of mania and bipolar disorder: A population-based cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2025Article
- Trends in Hallucinogen-Related Emergency Department and Hospital Admissions, 2016 to 2023.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- The Relationship Between Psychedelic Use and Positive Adult Development in Emerging Adulthood: An Integrative Review.Brain and behavior · 2025Review
- Naturalistic use of psychedelics is associated with longitudinal improvements in anxiety and depression during global crisis times.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Psychedelic use in Poland: prevalence, correlates and social attitudes.Postepy psychiatrii neurologii · 2025Article
- Registered Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Psychedelics in Healthcare: Statewide Survey Results.Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing · 2025Article
- Naturalistic Psychedelic Use and Psychotic Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Study of Individuals with a Personal or Family History of Psychotic or Bipolar Disorders.Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Psilocybin Dispensaries and Online Health Claims in Canada.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Trends and characteristics in ketamine use among US adults with and without depression, 2015-2022.Journal of affective disorders · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsHallucinogen use is potentially harmful. Information on whether such use has increased in recent decades is lacking. This study assessed overall and age-specific time trends in the prevalence of 12-month hallucinogen use in the US general population.
designCross-sectional.
settingData from the US National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2002-19.
participantsRespondents aged ≥ 12 years (n = 1 006 051). MEASUREMENTS: Predictors were continuous years. Outcome variables included any hallucinogen use and use of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), ecstasy and phencyclidine (PCP) in the past year. Socio-demographic variables (gender, age, race/ethnicity, educational level and family income) were covariates.
findingsOverall, hallucinogen use increased between 2015 and 2019 [prevalence difference (PD) = +0.44, P < 0.05]. Since 2002, hallucinogen use has increased in adults aged ≥ 26 years (PD, 2002-14 = +0.24, P < 0.05; PD, 2015-19 = +0.45, P < 0.001) and decreased in adolescents aged 12-17 years (PD, 2002-14 = -1.60, P < 0.0001; PD, 2015-19 = -0.73, P < 0.001). Ecstasy use has decreased in adolescents (PD, 2002-14 = -0.56, P < 0.001), adults aged 18-25 years (PD, 2015-19 = -0.96, P < 0.01) and ≥ 26 years (PD, 2015-19 = -0.13, P < 0.05). LSD use between 2002 and 2019 increased overall (PD = +0.71, P < 0.0001) and in all age groups (12-17: PD = +0.67, P < 0.001; 18-25: PD = +3.12, P < 0.0001; ≥ 26: PD = +0.36, P < 0.0001). Conversely, PCP use between 2002 and 2019 decreased overall (PD = -0.06, P < 0.001), in adolescents (PD = -0.24, P < 0.001) and young adults (PD = -0.32, P < 0.0001).
conclusionsSince 2002, hallucinogen use in the United States has decreased among adolescents but increased in adults and is now estimated to affect more than 3 million adults aged 26+ years and more than 5.5 million adults aged 18+ years.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.