ArticleBMC public health2022
The role of psychosocial factors in explaining sex differences in major depression and generalized anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association of Social Support and Loneliness with Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Gender Differences and Comorbidities in Major Depression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Differential Effects of Pandemic-Related Stressors on Mental Health by Age and Sex.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Psychological status of healthcare workers in the post-COVID 19 period in China: a retrospective multicentric cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Mid-to-Late-Life Anxiety and Sleep during Initial Phase of COVID-19: Age- and Sex-Specific Insights to Inform Future Pandemic Healthcare.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Screening Intentions During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: Web-Based Survey.JMIR cancer · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUnderstanding how pandemics differentially impact on the socio-protective and psychological outcomes of males and females is important to develop more equitable public health policies. We assessed whether males and females differed on measures of major depression and generalized anxiety during the COVID-19 the pandemic, and if so, which sociodemographic, pandemic, and psychological variables may affect sex differences in depression and anxiety.
methodsParticipants were a nationally representative sample of Irish adults (N = 1,032) assessed between April 30
resultsFemales were significantly more likely than males to screen positive for major depressive disorder (30.6% vs. 20.7%; χ
conclusionObserved sex-differences in depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland are best explained by psychosocial factors of COVID-19 related anxiety, trait neuroticism, lower sleep quality, higher levels of loneliness, greater somatic problems, and, in the case of depression, increases in childcaring responsibilities and lower trait consciousnesses. Implications of these findings for public health policy and interventions are discussed.
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