ArticleBMC ophthalmology2022
The relationship between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and diabetic retinopathy in adults from the United States: results from the National Health and nutrition examination survey.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring leukocyte differential count ratio profiles as inflammatory biomarkers in diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Pooled it
- Association between the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
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- The association between low skeletal muscle mass and immunoinflammatory markers in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Serum Albumin as a Marker of Microvascular Burden in Diabetic Retinopathy: Mediation by Diabetic Nephropathy in Uncontrolled Diabetes.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Blood Cell-Derived Inflammatory Indices in Diabetic Macular Edema: Clinical Significance and Prognostic Relevance.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Article
- Combination of red blood cell distribution width and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio for predicting severity of diabetic retinopathy.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Serum inflammation biomarkers level in cystoid and diffuse diabetic macular edema.International ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Molecular-Genetic Biomarkers of Diabetic Macular Edema.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- The association of inflammatory biomarkers with clinical outcomes in diabetic retinopathy participants: data from NHANES 2009-2018.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Article
- Cellular communication network factor 1 promotes retinal leakage in diabetic retinopathy via inducing neutrophil stasis and neutrophil extracellular traps extrusion.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Competing risks analysis for neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of diabetic retinopathy incidence in the Scottish population.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- The Value of White Cell Inflammatory Biomarkers as Potential Predictors for Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Article
- Anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities of flavoneJournal of functional foods · 2023Article
- The Ratio of Fibrinogen to Albumin is Related to the Occurrence of Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Systemic inflammation is intimately associated with DR. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) index is a relatively new indicator of inflammation.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was carried out among adults with DM based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2009 to 2016. NLR was presented as absolute neutrophil counts/ absolute lymphocyte counts. The relationship of NLR levels to DR was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.
resultsThere were 2772 eligible subjects extracted from the NHANES. In the multivariate analysis, NLR was related to the risk of DR after adjustment for potential confounders. The association between NLR levels and DR was nonlinear, with an inflection point of 4.778. Compared with the baseline values, NLR was not statistically significant on the right side of the inflection point (1.000, 0.914 to 1.094, 0.9974) but was positively associated with DR on the left side (1.236, 1.132 to 1.349, < 0.0001).
conclusionsNLR reflects systemic inflammation that may increase the risk of DR. NLR positively correlates with DR when its value is less than 4.778.
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