ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2023
Protein Expression of immune checkpoints STING and MHCII in small cell lung cancer.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- NOTCH1 reverses immune suppression in small cell lung cancer through reactivation of STING.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Trial
- cGAS-STING pathway in lung cancer and emerging therapeutic approaches.Drug discovery today · 2026Review
- Article
- Multiomic characterization of small cell lung cancer: Real-world insights into therapeutic opportunities.Cancer · 2026Article
- Prognostic value and biological role of STING-related genes GAB3 and IL16 in lung adenocarcinoma: implications for immune evasion and treatment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Demystifying the cGAS-STING pathway: precision regulation in the tumor immune microenvironment.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Molecular subtyping dictates therapeutic response to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy in ES-SCLC.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Expression of costimulatory molecule CD70 is prognostic in small cell lung cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Dynamic STING repression orchestrates immune cell development and function.Science immunology · 2025Article
- Stimulation of cGAS-STING pathway as a challenge in the treatment of small cell lung cancer: a feasible strategy?British journal of cancer · 2024Review
- Article
- Review
- Emerging mechanisms and implications of cGAS-STING signaling in cancer immunotherapy strategies.Cancer biology & medicine · 2024Review
- Major histocompatibility complex class II in the tumor microenvironment: functions of nonprofessional antigen-presenting cells.Current opinion in immunology · 2023Review
- Canadian Consensus Recommendations on the Management of Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Review
- Increased TIM-3 expression in tumor-associated macrophages predicts a poorer prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2023Article
- STING pathway contributes to the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and identification of prognostic gene signatures correlated to tumor microenvironment.Cancer cell international · 2022Article
- NEUROD1 predicts better prognosis in pancreatic cancer revealed by a TILs-based prognostic signature.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSCLC is an aggressive malignancy where immunotherapies show limited efficacy. We aimed to characterize the SCLC microenvironment according to the expression patterns of SCLC subtype markers and novel immune checkpoints to identify therapeutic vulnerabilities.
methodsWe included SCLC tissue samples from 219 surgically resected, limited-stage patients in this cross-sectional study. We performed immunohistochemistry for STING and MHCII, as well as for the novel subtype markers (ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, YAP1). Moreover, we assessed CD45 + , CD8 + and CD68 + immune cell infiltration.
results36% of SCLC tumors showed significant stromal or intraepithelial CD45 + immune cell infiltration. These patients exhibited significantly increased overall survival (OS) (vs. patients with immune-deserted tumors). High CD8 expression was associated with increased median OS. We found STING expression on cancer-associated fibroblasts in the stroma and on T-cells and macrophages in both tumorous and stromal compartments. STING expression positively correlated with immune cell infiltration. Increased STING-positivity in tumor nests was an independent favorable prognosticator for OS. ASCL1 was the most frequently expressed subtype-specific protein. Concomitant expression of three or four subtype-defining markers was seen in 13.8% of the included samples, whereas 24.1% of the cases were classified as quadruple negative tumors. YAP1 expression was associated with increased immune infiltrates. Tumor cell MHCII expression positively correlated with immune cell infiltration and with STING- and YAP1 expressions.
conclusionsSTING and MHCII are expressed in SCLC. The majority of immune-infiltrated SCLCs exhibit increased STING expression. Immune infiltration and STING expression are prognostic in limited-stage SCLC, making STING a potential therapeutic target.
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