ArticleDiabetologia2022
Reassessing the evidence: prandial state dictates glycaemic responses to exercise in individuals with type 1 diabetes to a greater extent than intensity.
Article in Diabetologia, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Trial
- A Comparison of the Effects of the Timing of Resistance Exercise on Glucose Levels Within the Target Range in People With Type 1 Diabetes (TREX Study): A Randomized Crossover Trial.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Trial
- Integrating metabolic expenditure information from wearable fitness sensors into an AI-augmented automated insulin delivery system: a randomised clinical trial.The Lancet. Digital health · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Exercise timing or feeding status? Interpreting glycaemic responses to resistance exercise in type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Exercise in type 1 diabetes: real-world data on glucose levels and hypoglycaemia risk from over 420,000 exercise sessions.Diabetologia · 2026Observational
- Glycaemic impact of the pre-exercise timing of an elevated glucose target implemented using an automated insulin delivery system in adults with type 1 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Review
- Review
- Where to Start? Physical Assessment, Readiness, and Exercise Recommendations for People With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2023Article
- Is There an Optimal Time of Day for Exercise? A Commentary on When to Exercise for People Living With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2023Article
- Integrating Physical Activity Strategies to Lower Hyperglycaemia in Structured Education Programmes for Children and Young People with Type 1 Diabetes Improves Glycaemic Control without Augmenting the Risk of Hypoglycaemia.Pediatric diabetes · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent guidelines suggest that adding anaerobic (high intensity or resistance) activity to an exercise session can prevent blood glucose declines that occur during aerobic exercise in individuals with type 1 diabetes. This theory evolved from earlier study data showing that sustained, anaerobic activity (high intensity cycling) increases blood glucose levels in these participants. However, studies involving protocols where anaerobic (high intensity interval) and aerobic exercise are combined have extremely variable glycaemic outcomes, as do resistance exercise studies. Scrutinising earlier studies will reveal that, in addition to high intensity activity (intervals or weight lifting), these protocols had another common feature: participants were performing exercise after an overnight fast. Based on these findings, and data from recent exercise studies, it can be argued that participant prandial state may be a more dominant factor than exercise intensity where glycaemic changes in individuals with type 1 diabetes are concerned. As such, a reassessment of study outcomes and an update to exercise recommendations for those with type 1 diabetes may be warranted.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.