Trial reportBMJ open2022
Acceptability of multiple modalities of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among female sex workers in Tanzania: a mixed-methods study.
Trial report in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02281578 (Community-based Combination HIV Prevention in Tanzanian Women at Heightened Risk), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Community-based Combination HIV Prevention in Tanzanian Women at Heightened Risk
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Preferences for Long-Acting HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis among Women of Reproductive Age in Low- and Middle-income Countries: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- HIV Prevention Product Acceptability and Preference Among Women in Sub-Saharan Africa to Inform Novel Biomedical Options in Development: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- "I have the vaccine in my body": perceptions of female sex workers after enrolling in a phase IIb HIV vaccine and pre-exposure prophylaxis trial in urban Tanzania.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Uptake of a patient-centred dynamic choice model for HIV prevention in rural Kenya and Uganda: SEARCH SAPPHIRE study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Trial
- Longitudinal Patterns of Adherence to Oral HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among At-Risk Women in Tanga, Tanzania: A Convergent Analysis of Influencing Factors and Optimization Strategies.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Willingness to pay for injectable HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among male and female sex workers in Uganda.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
- Awareness, knowledge, perception and behavioral risk predictors of acceptability of long-acting injectable lenacapavir HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in Ghana: a cross-sectional study.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- Barriers and Facilitators of Oral PrEP Uptake Against HIV Among Selected Priority Populations: A Global Perspective.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Attribute development for a discrete choice experiment to examine preferences for long-acting HIV prevention products among pregnant and breastfeeding women.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- User preferences on long-acting pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention in Eastern and Southern Africa: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Cost thresholds for anticipated long-acting HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis products in Eastern and Southern Africa: a mathematical modelling study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- Article
- Preferences for long-acting injectable HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis service delivery among male and female sex workers in Uganda: A discrete choice experiment.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Understanding the Drivers of CAB PrEP Uptake and Use among Women in sub-Saharan Africa to Build Demand for New PrEP Methods.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Review
- Trial of an mHealth intervention to improve HIV prophylaxis for female sex workers, United Republic of Tanzania.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2024Article
- Barriers and facilitators to uptake and persistence on prep among key populations in Southern Province, Zambia: a thematic analysis.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Qualitative focus group discussions exploring PrEP method and service delivery preferences among female sex workers and their managers in four Zambian provinces.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- High Propensity to Switch to Long-acting Injectable HIV PrEP with Cabotegravir in a Cohort of Oral PrEP Experienced Men who Have Sex with Men in Italy.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- A call for change: addressing the implementation strategy using pre exposure Prophylaxis for combating the escalating HIV crisis in Zanzibar's key populations.AIDS research and therapy · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesModalities of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention offer options to women at high risk including female sex workers (FSW). This study aimed to explore FSW's acceptability and preferences for oral pills, long-acting (LA) injectable and vaginal ring PrEP.
designSequential, explanatory, mixed methods.
settingIringa, Tanzania.
participantsFSW aged above 18 were recruited from sex work venues using time-location sampling (n=496); HIV-uninfected (n=293) were included in this analysis. Subsequently, survey participants were recruited for in-depth interviews (n=10) and two focus group discussions (n=20). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) Acceptability of PrEP (Do you personally think it would be worth it to you to take ART if it could prevent HIV?: yes/no) and (2) preference for LA injectable versus oral pills (If you personally were going to take ART to prevent HIV infection, would you prefer to take it in the form of a daily pill or an injection once every 3 months? Injection/pill).
resultsParticipants were (92%) unaware of PrEP but 58% thought it would be worth it to personally take PrEP. Acceptability of PrEP was significantly associated with higher social cohesion (aOR 2.12; 95% CI 1.29 to 3.50) and STI symptoms in the past 6 months (aOR 2.52; 95% CI 1.38 to 4.62). Most (88%) preferred LA vs oral PrEP. Qualitative findings revealed generally positive reactions to all types of PrEP, and they were viewed as a welcome backup to condoms. Participants had concerns about pills (burden of daily use, stigma from clients), and the vaginal ring (fear of client noticing and becoming suspicious, fear of infertility) and overall preferred LA-PrEP (less frequent use, easy to hide, belief in higher efficacy).
conclusionsOffering multiple formulations of PrEP within the context of community-driven HIV prevention interventions among FSW may facilitate increased uptake and adherence. LA injectable PrEP may be a particularly preferred formulation among FSW. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02281578.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.