Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35977762›Full record

Trial reportBMJ open2022

Acceptability of multiple modalities of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among female sex workers in Tanzania: a mixed-methods study.

S Wilson Beckham, Andrea Mantsios, Noya Galai, Samuel Likindikoki, Jessie Mbwambo, Wendy Davis, Deanna Kerrigan

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02281578 (Community-based Combination HIV Prevention in Tanzanian Women at Heightened Risk), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02281578 nacompletednot on this map

Community-based Combination HIV Prevention in Tanzanian Women at Heightened Risk

TypeinterventionalSponsorJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthRan2015 to 2018Enrolled496ConditionsHIVArmsCommunity-based combination HIV prevention intervention, Standard of care HIV services
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  13. Frontiers in public health · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

S Wilson BeckhamHealth, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA s.wilson.beckham@jhu.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-9694-3091
Andrea MantsiosPhia Consulting, New York, New York, USA.
Noya GalaiDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Samuel LikindikokiPsychiatry and Mental Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, United Republic of.
Jessie MbwamboPsychiatry and Mental Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, United Republic of.
Wendy DavisDepartment of Prevention and Community Health, George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA.
Deanna KerriganDepartment of Prevention and Community Health, George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA.

Funding

Vaccine Response and Immunotherapeutics SWGP30AI094189 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Anna Palmer Durbin · 2012 to 2026
$67.0M
Stigma, Cohesion and HIV Outcomes Among Vulnerable Women Across Epidemic SettingsR01MH110158 · NIMH · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI KERRIGAN, DEANNA L · 2016 to 2020
$3.6M
Community-based combination HIV prevention in Tanzanian women at heightened riskR01MH104044 · NIMH · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI KERRIGAN, DEANNA L · 2014 to 2016
$1.7M
Preferences for PrEP in Tanzanian Women at Heightened Risk of HIV InfectionK01MH114715 · NIMH · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI COLE, SAM WILSON · 2017 to 2021
$732k
NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI094189NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH114715NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH104044NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH110158
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesModalities of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention offer options to women at high risk including female sex workers (FSW). This study aimed to explore FSW's acceptability and preferences for oral pills, long-acting (LA) injectable and vaginal ring PrEP.

designSequential, explanatory, mixed methods.

settingIringa, Tanzania.

participantsFSW aged above 18 were recruited from sex work venues using time-location sampling (n=496); HIV-uninfected (n=293) were included in this analysis. Subsequently, survey participants were recruited for in-depth interviews (n=10) and two focus group discussions (n=20). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) Acceptability of PrEP (Do you personally think it would be worth it to you to take ART if it could prevent HIV?: yes/no) and (2) preference for LA injectable versus oral pills (If you personally were going to take ART to prevent HIV infection, would you prefer to take it in the form of a daily pill or an injection once every 3 months? Injection/pill).

resultsParticipants were (92%) unaware of PrEP but 58% thought it would be worth it to personally take PrEP. Acceptability of PrEP was significantly associated with higher social cohesion (aOR 2.12; 95% CI 1.29 to 3.50) and STI symptoms in the past 6 months (aOR 2.52; 95% CI 1.38 to 4.62). Most (88%) preferred LA vs oral PrEP. Qualitative findings revealed generally positive reactions to all types of PrEP, and they were viewed as a welcome backup to condoms. Participants had concerns about pills (burden of daily use, stigma from clients), and the vaginal ring (fear of client noticing and becoming suspicious, fear of infertility) and overall preferred LA-PrEP (less frequent use, easy to hide, belief in higher efficacy).

conclusionsOffering multiple formulations of PrEP within the context of community-driven HIV prevention interventions among FSW may facilitate increased uptake and adherence. LA injectable PrEP may be a particularly preferred formulation among FSW. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02281578.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsPre-Exposure ProphylaxisSex WorkersAdultFemaleHumansTanzaniaHIV & AIDSPREVENTIVE MEDICINEPUBLIC HEALTH

Identifiers

PMID35977762
PMCPMC9389123

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.