ArticleBMJ open2022
Public views of and reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic in England: a qualitative study with diverse ethnicities.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- From polarity to plurality: Perceptions of COVID-19 and policy measures in England and Scotland.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2024Article
- Can communities be mobilised to build capacity to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic? A qualitative process evaluation.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Misaligned or misheard? Physical activity and healthy eating messaging to ethnic minority communities during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study and scoping review.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of communications in enhancing adherence to public health behavioural interventions: a COVID-19 evidence review.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2023Review
- The role of health protection teams in reducing health inequities: findings from a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo explore public reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic across diverse ethnic groups.
designRemote qualitative interviews and focus groups in English or Punjabi. Data were transcribed and analysed through inductive thematic analysis.
settingEngland and Wales, June to October 2020.
participants100 participants from 19 diverse 'self-identified' ethnic groups.
resultsDismay, frustration and altruism were reported across all ethnic groups during the first 6-9 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Dismay was caused by participants' reported individual, family and community risks, and loss of support networks. Frustration was caused by reported lack of recognition of the efforts of ethnic minority groups (EMGs), inaction by government to address COVID-19 and inequalities, rule breaking by government advisors, changing government rules around: border controls, personal protective equipment, social distancing, eating out, and perceived poor communication around COVID-19 and the Public Health England COVID-19 disparities report (leading to reported increased racism and social isolation). Altruism was felt by all, in the resilience of National Health Service (NHS) staff and their communities and families pulling together. Data, participants' suggested actions and the behaviour change wheel informed suggested interventions and policies to help control COVID-19.
conclusionTo improve trust and compliance future reports or guidance should clearly explain any stated differences in health outcomes by ethnicity or other risk group, including specific messages for these groups and concrete actions to minimise any risks. Messaging should reflect the uncertainty in data or advice and how guidance may change going forward as new evidence becomes available. A contingency plan is needed to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 across all communities including EMGs, the vulnerable and socially disadvantaged individuals, in preparation for any rise in cases and for future pandemics. Equality across ethnicities for healthcare is essential, and the NHS and local communities will need to be supported to attain this.
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