Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35977525›Full record

SynthesisRespiration; international review of thoracic diseases2022

Risk Factors for Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation and Weaning Failure: A Systematic Review.

Franziska C Trudzinski, Benjamin Neetz, Florian Bornitz, Michael Müller, Aline Weis, Dorothea Kronsteiner, Felix J F Herth, Noemi Sturm, Vicky Gassmann, Timm Frerk and 7 more

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · hybridAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 58 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
14.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06391424 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Oxygen Consumption (VO2), Effort, and Weaning in the Mechanically Ventilated Patient in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU): EXTUBATE Study

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorLeiden University Medical CenterRan2024 to 2026Enrolled60ConditionsCritical Illness, Intensive Care Unit, Oxygen Consumption, Weaning FailureArmsSpontaneous Breathing Trial
NCT07005505 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Automatic Tube Compensation vs. Pressure Support Ventilation During Spontaneous Breathing Trials in Critically Ill Adults: A Cluster-Randomized, Cluster-Crossover Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorRush University Medical CenterRan2025 to 2027Enrolled880ConditionsSpontaneous Breathing Trial in ICUArmsPressure Support Ventilation (PSV), Automatic tube compensation (ATC)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Observational
  9. Association of Mobilization and Chest Physiotherapy on Weaning Outcome of Prolonged Weaning Subjects: A Retrospective Cohort.Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Observational
  13. Article
  14. Observational
  15. Characteristics of patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation following head and neck microvascular reconstructive procedures.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
    Article
  16. Article
  17. PaCOFrontiers in medicine · 2026
    Review
  18. Clinical Outcomes and Long-Term Survival in Patients Undergoing Prolonged Weaning.Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases · 2026
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Franziska C TrudzinskiDepartment of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
Benjamin NeetzDepartment of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
Florian BornitzDepartment of Pneumology and Intensive Care Medicine, Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, Hamburg, Germany.
Michael MüllerDepartment of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
Aline WeisDepartment of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Dorothea KronsteinerInstitute of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Felix J F HerthDepartment of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
Noemi SturmDepartment of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Vicky GassmannDepartment of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany.
Timm FrerkInstitute for Applied Quality Improvement and Research in Health Care GmbH, Göttingen, Germany.
Claus NeurohrDepartment of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Schillerhoehe Lung Clinic (affiliated to the Robert-Bosch-Hospital GmbH, Stuttgart), Gerlingen, Germany.
Alessandro GhianiDepartment of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Schillerhoehe Lung Clinic (affiliated to the Robert-Bosch-Hospital GmbH, Stuttgart), Gerlingen, Germany.
Biljana JovesPulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department, Loewenstein Lung Center, Löwenstein, Germany.
Armin SchneiderDepartment of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Waldburg-Zeil Kliniken, Wangen im Allgäu, Germany.
Joachim SzecsenyiDepartment of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Selina von SchumannDepartment of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Jan MeisInstitute of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Heidelberg University · DERobert Bosch Hospital · DEAsklepios Klinik Barmbek · DEWaldburg-Zeil Kliniken · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionProlonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) and weaning failure are factors associated with prolonged hospital length of stay and increased morbidity and mortality. In addition to the burden these places on patients and their families, it also imposes high costs on the public health system. The aim of this systematic review was to identify risk factors for PMV and weaning failure.

methodsThe study was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. After a comprehensive search of the COCHRANE Library, CINHAL, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and the LILACS Database a PubMed request was made on June 8, 2020. Studies that examined risk factors for PMV, defined as mechanical ventilation ≥96 h, weaning failure, and prolonged weaning in German and English were considered eligible; reviews, meta-analyses, and studies in very specific patient populations whose results are not necessarily applicable to the majority of ICU patients as well as pediatric studies were excluded from the analysis. This systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO register under the number CRD42021271038.

resultsOf 532 articles identified, 23 studies with a total of 23,418 patients met the inclusion criteria. Fourteen studies investigated risk factors of PMV including prolonged weaning, 9 studies analyzed risk factors of weaning failure. The concrete definitions of these outcomes varied considerably between studies. For PMV, a variety of risk factors were identified, including comorbidities, site of intubation, various laboratory or blood gas parameters, ventilator settings, functional parameters, and critical care scoring systems. The risk of weaning failure was mainly related to age, previous home mechanical ventilation (HMV), cause of ventilation, and preexisting underlying diseases. Elevated PaCO2 values during spontaneous breathing trials were indicative of prolonged weaning and weaning failure.

conclusionA direct comparison of risk factors was not possible because of the heterogeneity of the studies. The large number of different definitions and relevant parameters reflects the heterogeneity of patients undergoing PMV and those discharged to HMV after unsuccessful weaning. Multidimensional scores are more likely to reflect the full spectrum of patients ventilated in different ICUs than single risk factors.

Indexed as

Respiration, ArtificialVentilator WeaningChildCritical CareHumansIntensive Care UnitsTime FactorsHome mechanical ventilationMechanical ventilationProlonged mechanical ventilationWeaning

Identifiers

PMID35977525
PMCPMC9677859
OpenAlexW4292148870

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.