Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35976606›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2023

Understanding the Experiences of American Indian and Alaska Native Students Enrolled in Allopathic and Osteopathic Medical Degree Programs.

William Swain, Alec J Calac, Carmen J Neimeko, Luis Gasca, Carolee Dodge Francis

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. First-Generation Low-Income Individuals in Medicine: A Scoping Review.Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

William SwainMayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. swain.william@mayo.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-8780-0195
Alec J CalacUniversity of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA.
Carmen J NeimekoUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison School of Human Ecology, Madison, WI, USA.
Luis GascaMayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Carolee Dodge FrancisUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison School of Human Ecology, Madison, WI, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeDespite a growing population, American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) students have seen no meaningful increase in representation in allopathic and osteopathic medical degree programs. While AI/AN medical students are more likely to practice in underserved areas, they face financial and sociocultural obstacles towards doing so. This underscores the need to understand the experiences of these trainees, and identify barriers and facilitators to the successful recruitment, retention, and advancement of AI/AN trainees.

methodsA survey was administered to members of the Association of Native American Medical Students (ANAMS), an organization representing self-identified Native medical students. This survey elicited demographic information, opinions of institutional climate, and aspects of academic and social experiences during medical school.

resultsThere were n = 39 complete responses. Over fifty percent of respondents (n = 21) identified as AI/AN alone and not in combination with another racial or ethnic group. Overall, respondents were: Generally, not satisfied with their school's engagement with Native communities and AI/AN health curricula. Likely to report barriers towards their timely advancement in training, namely being a first-generation or low income student, and feelings of imposter syndrome. Likely to report an interest to work in primary care fields and serve AI/AN communities in the future.

conclusionsThis survey identified several barriers to successful AI/AN medical trainee advancement, highlighting opportunities for institutions to foster inclusion of AI/AN trainees and grow the number of Native physicians.

Indexed as

American Indian or Alaska NativePhysiciansStudents, MedicalHumansAmerican IndianIndian Health ServiceMedical StudentsNative American

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.