Trial reportAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine2023
An Inhaled Galectin-3 Inhibitor in COVID-19 Pneumonitis: A Phase Ib/IIa Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial (DEFINE).
Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialClinical Trial, Phase IAdaptive Clinical Trial
In one paragraph
Trial report in American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04473053 (DEFINE - Evaluating Therapies for COVID-19), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
DEFINE - Evaluating Therapies for COVID-19
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of Preprint Postings of Randomized Clinical Trials on COVID-19 and Corresponding Published Journal Articles: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Galectins can serve as biomarkers in COVID-19: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Novel inflammatory biomarkers in the prognosis of COVID-19.Therapeutic advances in respiratory diseasePooled it
- Safety and pharmacokinetics of GB1211, an oral galectin-3 inhibitor: a single- and multiple-dose first-in-human study in healthy participants.Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology · 2023Trial
- Developing Galectin-3-Targeted Therapeutics in Diseases: Three Distinct Galectin-3 Segments for Targeting.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Galectin-3 exacerbates autoimmune diabetes by limiting regulatory T cell differentiation and function.Science advances · 2026Article
- Insight to Neglected Biomarkers in COVID-19: A Comprehensive Narrative Review".Biomarker insights · 2026Review
- Galectin-3 and the Glyco-Inflammatory Axis: A Missing Link to Residual Cardiovascular Risk in Coronary Artery Disease.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Article
- Galectin-3 regulates erythropoiesis and enhances the immunoregulatory properties of CD71+ erythroid cells across developmental stages.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Epithelial Cell Dysfunction in Pulmonary Fibrosis: Mechanisms, Interactions, and Emerging Therapeutic Targets.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The silent predictors: exploring galectin-3 and Irisin's tale in severe COVID-19.BMC research notes · 2024Article
- Review
- The Role of Galectins in Asthma Pathophysiology: A Comprehensive Review.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- EfficientChemical science · 2024Article
- Genetic Associations of Circulating Cardiovascular Proteins With Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia.JAMA cardiology · 2024Article
- Antifibrotic Drugs against Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Pulmonary Fibrosis Induced by COVID-19: Therapeutic Approaches and Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Galectin inhibitors and nanoparticles as a novel therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma multiforme.American journal of cancer research · 2024Review
- Increased Levels of Galectin-3 in Critical COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The Role of Galectin-3 in Retinal Degeneration and Other Ocular Diseases: A Potential Novel Biomarker and Therapeutic Target.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
39 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Erin E GaughanCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.ORCID 0000-0002-9295-5503
Tom M QuinnCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Andrew MillsExploristics, Belfast, United Kingdom.
Annya M BruceCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Jean AntonelliCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Alison C MacKinnonGalecto Inc., Copenhagen, Denmark; and.
Vassilios AslanisGalecto Inc., Copenhagen, Denmark; and.
Feng LiCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Richard O'ConnorCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Cecilia BozCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Ross MillsCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Philip EmanuelCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Matthew BurgessCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Giulia RinaldiCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Asta ValanciuteCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Bethany MillsCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Emma ScholefieldCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Gareth HardistyCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Emily Gwyer FindlayCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Richard A ParkerEdinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute, and.
John NorrieEdinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute, and.
James W DearCentre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Ahsan R AkramCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Oliver KochCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Kate TempletonDepartment of Medical Microbiology, and.
David H DockrellCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Timothy S WalshCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Stephen PartridgeGalecto Inc., Copenhagen, Denmark; and.
Duncan HumphriesGalecto Inc., Copenhagen, Denmark; and.
Jie Wang-JairajGalecto Inc., Copenhagen, Denmark; and.
Robert J SlackGalecto Inc., Copenhagen, Denmark; and.
Hans SchambyeGalecto Inc., Copenhagen, Denmark; and.
De PhungGalecto Inc., Copenhagen, Denmark; and.
Lise GravelleGalecto Inc., Copenhagen, Denmark; and.
Bertil LindmarkGalecto Inc., Copenhagen, Denmark; and.
Manu Shankar-HariCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.ORCID 0000-0002-5338-2538
Nikhil HiraniCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Tariq SethiGalecto Inc., Copenhagen, Denmark; and.
Kevin DhaliwalCentre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh BioQuarter.
Centre for Inflammation Research · GBGalecto (Denmark) · DKClinical Research Institute · USEdinburgh Royal Infirmary · GBWestern General Hospital · GBExploristics (United Kingdom) · GBUniversity of Edinburgh · GB
Funding
Cancer Research UK 24867
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
COVID-19Galectin 3HumansInflammationSARS-CoV-2ThiogalactosidesTreatment OutcomeTriazolesGalectin 3GB-0139ThiogalactosidesTriazolesCOVID-19galectin-3GB0139
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
NCT04473053ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.