ArticlePloS one2022
The Global Network Socioeconomic Status Index as a predictor of stillbirths, perinatal mortality, and neonatal mortality in rural communities in low and lower middle income country sites of the Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of chest X-ray in the diagnosis of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review concerning low-resource birth scenarios.Global health action · 2024Pooled it
- Observational
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- Prevalence and risk factors of stillbirths among pregnant women from twelve high-volume birthing facilities of Karachi, Pakistan: a longitudinal cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Association of fine particulate matter exposure during pregnancy and stillbirth rates in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Socio-Economic Inequalities in Stillbirth and Preterm Birth Rates Across Europe: A Population-Based Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Article
- Adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in Northern Sudan: the role of antenatal care and socioeconomic inequities in war.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Ultimate Context of the Termination of Parental Investment.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- Coping and experience post an adverse birth outcome for fathers: a population-based perspective from India.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Maternal social determinants of health: the hidden face of perinatal mortality in Mexico.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Impact of health literacy on pregnancy outcomes in socioeconomically disadvantaged and ethnic minority populations: A scoping review.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025Article
- Article
- Adolescent sexual and reproductive health and rights for ethnic minority girls in Vietnam.Health promotion international · 2024Article
- Assessment of Skin Maturity by LED Light at Birth and Its Association With Lung Maturity: Clinical Trial Secondary Outcomes.JMIR biomedical engineering · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 16 institutions in 7 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundGlobally, socioeconomic status (SES) is an important health determinant across a range of health conditions and diseases. However, measuring SES within low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) can be particularly challenging given the variation and diversity of LMIC populations.
objectiveThe current study investigates whether maternal SES as assessed by the newly developed Global Network-SES Index is associated with pregnancy outcomes (stillbirths, perinatal mortality, and neonatal mortality) in six LMICs: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guatemala, India, Kenya, Pakistan, and Zambia.
methodsThe analysis included data from 87,923 women enrolled in the Maternal and Newborn Health Registry of the NICHD-funded Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research. Generalized estimating equations models were computed for each outcome by SES level (high, moderate, or low) and controlling for site, maternal age, parity, years of schooling, body mass index, and facility birth, including sampling cluster as a random effect.
resultsWomen with low SES had significantly higher risks for stillbirth (p < 0.001), perinatal mortality (p = 0.001), and neonatal mortality (p = 0.005) than women with high SES. In addition, those with moderate SES had significantly higher risks of stillbirth (p = 0.003) and perinatal mortality (p = 0.008) in comparison to those with high SES.
conclusionThe SES categories were associated with pregnancy outcomes, supporting the validity of the index as a non-income-based measure of SES for use in studies of pregnancy outcomes in LMICs.
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