ArticleCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)2023
From urges to tics in children with Tourette syndrome: associations with supplementary motor area GABA and right motor cortex physiology.
Article in Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural and functional alterations in the brain gray matter among Tourette syndrome patients: a multimodal meta-analysis of fMRI and VBM studies.Journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Premonitory urge in tic disorders - a scoping review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of transcranial magnetic stimulation in Tourette syndrome.Journal of psychiatric research · 2024Pooled it
- From urge to action: an integrative neuropsychological model of tic generation in Tourette syndrome.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Tic severity and executive functioning in children and adolescents: a moderated mediation model of premonitory urges and comorbidity.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2025Article
- Metabolic abnormalities of the cortico‑striato‑thalamo‑cortical circuit of rats with tic disorder.Molecular medicine reports · 2025Article
- Exogenous GABA Alleviates Tourette Syndrome-Like Behavior in Sprague-Dawley Rats by Altering Gut Microbiota and Striatum Metabolism.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Article
- Tourette syndrome research highlights from 2023.F1000Research · 2024Review
- Alterations in the topological organization of the default-mode network in Tourette syndrome.BMC neurology · 2023Article
- Biomarkers of tic severity in children with Tourette syndrome: Motor cortex inhibition measured with transcranial magnetic stimulation.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2023Article
- Effects of Music Therapy Combined with Habit Reversal Training on Children with Tic Disorders: A Retrospective Study.Noise & healthArticle
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a childhood-onset disorder in which tics are often preceded by premonitory sensory urges. More severe urges correlate with worse tics and can render behavioral therapies less effective. The supplementary motor area (SMA) is a prefrontal region believed to influence tic performance. To determine whether cortical physiological properties correlate with urges and tics, we evaluated, in 8-12-year-old right-handed TS children (n = 17), correlations of urge and tic severity scores and compared both to cortical excitability (CE) and short- and long-interval cortical inhibition (SICI and LICI) in both left and right M1. We also modeled these M1 transcranial magnetic stimulation measures with SMA gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) levels in TS and typically developing control children (n = 16). Urge intensity correlated strongly with tic scores. More severe urges correlated with lower CE and less LICI in both right and left M1. Unexpectedly, in right M1, lower CE and less LICI correlated with less severe tics. We found that SMA GABA modulation of right, but not left, M1 CE and LICI differed in TS. We conclude that in young children with TS, lower right M1 CE and LICI, modulated by SMA GABA, may reflect compensatory mechanisms to diminish tics in response to premonitory urges.
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