ArticleDiabetes2022
Butyrate-Producing Bacteria and Insulin Homeostasis: The Microbiome and Insulin Longitudinal Evaluation Study (MILES).
Article in Diabetes, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of dietary interventions on gut microbiota and related cardiometabolic changes in pediatric obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric research · 2026Pooled it
- Intestinal flora was associated with occurrence risk of chronic non-communicable diseases.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Prediction and prevention of late-onset pre-eclampsia: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Early-life exposure to the Great Chinese Famine and gut microbiome disruption across adulthood for type 2 diabetes: three population-based cohort studies.BMC medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Calorie-restricted oat diet is associated with zonulin and short-chain fatty acid response in metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.Gut microbes · 2026Trial
- Effect ofNutrients · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Combining a diet rich in fermentable carbohydrates with metformin improves glycaemic control and reshapes the gut microbiota in people with prediabetes.Nature metabolism · 2025Trial
- Intrinsic chicory root fibers modulate colonic microbial butyrate-producing pathways and improve insulin sensitivity in individuals with obesity.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Trial
- Impact of dietary interventions on pre-diabetic oral and gut microbiome, metabolites and cytokines.Nature communications · 2023Trial
- Dietary modulation of the gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes and obesity: mechanisms, interventions, and clinical perspectives.Acta diabetologica · 2026Review
- Association of Gut Microbiome Shifts With Metabolic Alterations in Prediabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2026Article
- Gut microbiome composition and functional potential associate with incident type 2 diabetes in 4,685 adults from a Swedish prospective cohort.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Correlation Between Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Patients.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Intake of Fiber From Different Food Sources and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: An Integrated Analysis of Epidemiological and Multiomic Data.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota-specific Profile Prior to Surgery for Predicting Type 2 Diabetes Remission in Patients Undergoing Sleeve Gastrectomy.Obesity surgery · 2026Observational
- Vitamin K as an Endocrine Modulator: Mechanistic Links to Glucose Metabolism and Beyond.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Coffee Consumption and Risk of Diabetic Angiopathy: Mediating Role of Gut Microbiota Revealed by Mendelian Randomization.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Circadian rhythms of gut microbiota modulate nocturnal hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a comprehensive review on mechanisms and chrono-targeted interventions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular risk in inflammatory bowel disease: focus on lipids and visceral adipose tissue.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gut microbiome studies have documented depletion of butyrate-producing taxa in type 2 diabetes. We analyzed associations between butyrate-producing taxa and detailed measures of insulin homeostasis, whose dysfunction underlies diabetes in 224 non-Hispanic Whites and 129 African Americans, all of whom completed an oral glucose tolerance test. Stool microbiome was assessed by whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing with taxonomic profiling. We examined associations among 36 butyrate-producing taxa (n = 7 genera and 29 species) and insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, disposition index, insulin clearance, and prevalence of dysglycemia (prediabetes plus diabetes, 46% of cohort), adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and race. The genus Coprococcus was associated with higher insulin sensitivity (β = 0.14; P = 0.002) and disposition index (β = 0.12; P = 0.012) and a lower rate of dysglycemia (odds ratio [OR] 0.91; 95% CI 0.85-0.97; P = 0.0025). In contrast, Flavonifractor was associated with lower insulin sensitivity (β = -0.13; P = 0.004) and disposition index (β = -0.11; P = 0.04) and higher prevalence of dysglycemia (OR 1.22; 95% CI 1.08-1.38; P = 0.0013). Species-level analyses found 10 bacteria associated with beneficial directions of effects and two bacteria with adverse associations on insulin homeostasis and dysglycemia. Although most butyrate producers analyzed appear to be metabolically beneficial, this is not the case for all such bacteria, suggesting that microbiome-directed therapeutic measures to prevent or treat diabetes should be targeted to specific butyrate-producing taxa rather than all butyrate producers.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.