ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2023
Toward an ontology of tobacco, nicotine and vaping products.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The impacts of e-cigarette flavours: An overview of systematic reviews.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- The United Kingdom's Tobacco and Vapes Act 2026-A landmark in tobacco control, but a missed opportunity for product clarity.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Investigation of Differences in Tobacco Use Language Between Groups: Corpus-Assisted Analysis.JMIR infodemiology · 2026Article
- Article
- 'E-cigarette smoking' is a misleading term: a critical review of its use in academic literature.Internal and emergency medicine · 2025Review
- Electronic cigarettes and subsequent use of cigarettes in young people: An evidence and gap map.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2024Review
- Prioritizing Common Terminology and Measures to Advance Research on Oral Nicotine Product Use.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Article
- Whole-cycle management of women with epilepsy of child-bearing age: ontology construction and application.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2024Article
- The BSSO Foundry: A community of practice for ontologies in the behavioural and social sciences.Wellcome open research · 2024Article
- Association between socioecological factors and electronic cigarette use among Thai youth: an institution-based cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Pattern and prevalence of vaping nicotine and non-nicotine drugs in the United Kingdom: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2023Article
- 'It's not what you'd term normal smoking': a qualitative exploration of language used to describe heated tobacco product use and associated user identity.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2023Article
- Toward an ontology of tobacco, nicotine and vaping products.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsOntologies are ways of representing information that improve clarity and the ability to connect different data sources. This paper proposes an initial version of an ontology of tobacco, nicotine and vaping products with the aim of reducing ambiguity and confusion in the field.
methodsTerms related to tobacco, nicotine and vaping products were identified in the research literature and their usage characterised. Basic Formal Ontology was used as a unifying upper-level ontology to describe the domain, and classes with definitions and labels were developed linking them to this ontology. Labels, definitions and properties were reviewed and revised in an iterative manner until a coherent set of classes was agreed by the authors.
resultsOverlapping, but distinct classes were developed: 'tobacco-containing product', 'nicotine-containing product' and 'vaping device'. Subclasses of tobacco-containing products are 'combustible tobacco-containing product', 'heated tobacco product' and 'smokeless tobacco-containing product'. Subclasses of combustible tobacco-containing product include 'cigar', 'cigarillo', 'bidi' and 'cigarette' with further subclasses including 'manufactured cigarette'. Manufactured cigarettes have properties that include 'machine-smoked nicotine yield' and 'machine-smoked tar yield'. Subclasses of smokeless tobacco product include 'nasal snuff', 'chewing tobacco product', and 'oral snuff' with its subclass 'snus'. Subclasses of nicotine-containing product include 'nicotine lozenge' and 'nicotine transdermal patch'. Subclasses of vaping device included 'electronic vaping device' with a further subclass, 'e-cigarette'. E-cigarettes have evolved with a complex range of properties including atomiser resistance, battery power, properties of consumables including e-liquid nicotine concentration and flavourings, and the ontology characterises classes of product accordingly.
conclusionsUse of an ontology of tobacco, nicotine and vaping products should help reduce ambiguity and confusion in tobacco control research and practice.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.