Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35971265›Full record

ArticlePsycho-oncology2022

A rural-urban comparison of self-management in people living with cancer following primary treatment: A mixed methods study.

David Nelson, Ian McGonagle, Christine Jackson, Mark Gussy, Ros Kane

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Psycho-oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. A systematic review on the qualitative experiences of people living with lung cancer in rural areas.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2024
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  10. Supportive oncology development in a major metropolitan area: regional services.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025
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  12. The relationship of health activation with risk of future cardiovascular disease among rural family caregivers of patients with chronic illnesses.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2024
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  13. Cancer survivorship in urban people living with cancer following primary treatment: A secondary analysis of qualitative interview data.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

David NelsonLincoln International Institute for Rural Health (LIIRH), University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2173-683X
Ian McGonagleSchool of Health and Social Care, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK.
Christine JacksonSchool of Health and Social Care, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK.
Mark GussyLincoln International Institute for Rural Health (LIIRH), University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK.
Ros KaneSchool of Health and Social Care, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6926-2530

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate and compare self-management in people living with cancer following treatment, from rural and urban areas in the United Kingdom where there is a significant evidence gap.

methodsA cross-sectional explanatory sequential mixed methods design. This involved a self-completion questionnaire that collected data on demographics, self-management using the PAM-13 and rural-urban residence and 34 in-depth interviews that aimed to explore and compare the barriers and facilitators to self-management in rural and urban settings.

results227 participants completed the questionnaire: mean age 66.86 (±11.22). Fifty-two percent (n = 119) were female and 48% (n = 108) were male. Fifty-three percent (n = 120) resided in urban areas and 45 % (n = 103) in rural areas. Participants had a range of different types of cancer but the three most common were breast (n = 73), urological (n = 53), upper and lower gastrointestinal (n = 41). Rural respondents (63.31 ± 13.66) were significantly (p < 0.05) more activated than those in urban areas (59.59 ± 12.75). The barriers and facilitators to self-management identified in the interviews were prevalent in both rural and urban settings but some barriers were more explicit in rural settings. For example, there was a lack of bespoke support in rural areas and participants acknowledged how travelling long distances to urban centres for support groups was problematic. Equally, there were barriers and facilitators that were not necessarily unique to either geographic setting.

conclusionWhilst the active treatment phase can present considerable challenges for people living with cancer in rural areas the findings suggest that the rural environment has the potential to increase engagement with self-management in the transition to survivorship. The rigorous mixed methods design has led to different and complementary conclusions that would not have been possible had either quantitative or qualitative methods been used in isolation.

Indexed as

NeoplasmsSelf-ManagementAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleRural PopulationUrban Populationcancercancer survivorscancer survivorshipliving with cancermixed methodsoncologypatient activationrural healthself-managementUnited Kingdom

Identifiers

PMID35971265
PMCPMC9804546

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.