SynthesisPublic health2023
Clinical outcomes following COVID-19 infection in ethnic minority groups in the UK: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- The influence of HARP (The Health Access for Refugees' Project) on vaccine hesitancy in people seeking asylum and refugees in Northern England.Global health action · 2025Article
- Article
- Chronic respiratory diseases risk during the COVID-19 pandemic: an integrated modelling approach based on hospital records across 30 countries.Population health metrics · 2025Article
- Challenges of Inclusion: A Population-Based Interview Study of Long Covid.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- Coproducing COVID-19 Health Information Resources: A Participatory Study With Older Adults From Minoritised Ethnic Communities in the UK.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- The emergence of chronic diseases of adulthood and middle age in the young: the COIDS (chronic inflammation, obesity, insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes, and depressive syndromes) noxious quartet of pro-inflammatory stress outcomes.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- Development Of the VAMPCT Score for Predicting Mortality in CKD Patients with COVID-19.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Obesity differs from diabetes mellitus in antibody and T-cell responses post-COVID-19 recovery.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Article
- Predicting human and viral protein variants affecting COVID-19 susceptibility and repurposing therapeutics.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Pathogenic mechanisms of cardiovascular damage in COVID-19.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Review
- Disproportionate infection, hospitalisation and death from COVID-19 in ethnic minority groups and Indigenous Peoples: an application of the Priority Public Health Conditions analytical framework.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Review
- Article
- In-hospital mortality trends after surgery for traumatic thoracolumbar injury: A national inpatient sample database study.Brain & spine · 2024Article
- Changes in COVID-19-related mortality across key demographic and clinical subgroups in England from 2020 to 2022: a retrospective cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform.The Lancet. Public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study evaluated the differences in clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection between ethnic minorities and the White ethnic group in the UK. STUDY
designSystematic review and meta-analysis.
methodsThis study included adult residents in the UK with confirmed COVID-19 infection. The outcomes evaluated in this study were mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Outcome data were compared between individuals from ethnic minority groups and individuals from a White ethnic background. MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, medRxiv and PROSPERO were searched for articles published between May 2020 and April 2021. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale checklist. PROSPERO ID: CRD42021248117.
resultsFourteen studies (767,177 participants) were included in the current review. In the adjusted analysis, the pooled odds ratio (OR) for mortality following COVID-19 infection was higher for Black (OR 1.83, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21-2.76, number of studies [k] = 6), Asian (OR 1.16, 95% CI: 0.85-1.57, k = 6) and Mixed and Other (MO) ethnic groups (OR 1.12, 95% CI: 1.04-1.20, k = 5) compared with the White ethnic group. The adjusted and unadjusted ORs of ICU admission for many of the ethnic minority groups were more than double the OR values for the White ethnic group (Black ethnic group = OR 2.32, 95% CI: 1.73-3.11, k = 5; Asian ethnic group = OR 2.34, 95% CI: 1.89-2.90, k = 5; and MO ethnic group = OR 2.26, 95% CI: 1.64-3.11, k = 4). In the adjusted analysis for IMV, the ORs were similarly significantly raised in ethnic minority groups compared with the White ethnic group (Black ethic group = OR 2.03, 95% CI: 1.80-2.29, k = 3; Asian ethnic group = OR 1.84, 95% CI: 1.20-2.80, k = 3; and MO ethnic group = OR 2.09, 95% CI: 1.35-3.22, k = 3).
conclusionThis review found that in the UK, Black, Asian and MO ethnic groups experienced increased COVID-19-related disease severity and mortality compared with the White ethnic group majority.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.