ArticleThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2022
Understanding racial disparities in childhood asthma using individual- and neighborhood-level risk factors.
Article in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Neighborhood Variation in Childhood Asthma Emergency Department Visit Rates in Austin, Texas, Is Associated with Tenant-Reported Housing Conditions.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Current Practices and Variations Among Pediatric Severe Asthma Programs in the United States-The North American Severe Pediatric Asthma Consortium.Pediatric pulmonology · 2026Observational
- Rental housing may contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in upper respiratory infections.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Promoting the recruitment of historically underrepresented children and families in clinical trials: Perspectives of pediatric clinic staff.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2026Article
- Health disparities and industrial emissions: a case study of semiconductor manufacturing and asthma morbidity in Austin, Texas.Population and environment · 2026Article
- Pediatric asthma population risk stratification using k-means clustering.The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma · 2025Article
- Neighborhood disadvantage and the back-to-school epidemic of viral-associated asthma exacerbations.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Article
- Management of asthma exacerbations in pediatric emergency departments across the United States.The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma · 2025Article
- Social Determinants of Health in Pediatric Asthma and Allergic Diseases: A Systematic Review.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Proximity to fast-food restaurants and pediatric asthma outcomes.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2025Article
- Social inequalities in childhood asthma.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2024Review
- Research Priorities in Pediatric Asthma Morbidity: Addressing the Impacts of Systemic Racism on Children with Asthma in the United States. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2024Article
- Analyzing Racial Disparities in Pediatric Atopic Comorbidity Emergency Department Visitation Using Electronic Health Records.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2024Article
- The Role of Neighborhood Air Pollution in Disparate Racial and Ethnic Asthma Acute Care Use.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Article
- Plasma metabolomics identifies differing endotypes of recurrent wheezing in preschool children differentiated by symptoms and social disadvantage.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Lower socioeconomic status may help explain racial disparities in asthma and atopic dermatitis prevalence: A mediation analysis.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Racial differences in length of stay and readmission for asthma in the all of us research program.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Reduced prevalence of childhood asthma after housing renovations in an underresourced community.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2023Article
- Examination of disparities in prehospital encounters for pediatric asthma exacerbations.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of a Vendor Predictive Model for the Risk of Pediatric Asthma Exacerbation: A Difference-in-Differences Analysis.Applied clinical informatics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRacial disparities in childhood asthma outcomes result from a complex interplay of individual- and neighborhood-level factors.
objectivesWe sought to examine racial disparities in asthma-related emergency department (ED) visits between African American (AA) and European American (EA) children.
methodsThis is a retrospective study of patients younger than 18 years who visited the ED at Cincinnati Children's for asthma from 2009 to 2018. The outcome was number of ED visits during a year. We assessed 11 social, economic, and environmental variables. Mediation and mixed-effects analyses were used to assess relationships between race, mediators, and number of ED visits.
resultsA total of 31,114 children (46.1% AA, 53.9% EA) had 186,779 asthma-related ED visits. AA children had more visits per year than EA children (2.23 vs 2.15; P < .001). Medicaid insurance was associated with a 7% increase in rate of ED visits compared with commercial insurance (1.07; 95% CI, 1.03-1.1). Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation was associated with an increased rate of ED visits in AA but not in EA children. Area-level particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 μm, pollen, and outdoor mold were associated with an increased rate of ED visits for both AA and EA children (all P < .001). Associations between race and number of ED visits were mediated by insurance, area-level deprivation, particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 μm, and outdoor mold (all P < .001), altogether accounting for 55% of the effect of race on ED visits. Race was not associated with number of ED visits (P = .796) after accounting for mediators.
conclusionsRacial disparities in asthma-related ED visits are mediated by social, economic, and environmental factors, which may be amenable to interventions aimed at improving outcomes and eliminating inequities.
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