ReviewFrontiers in neuroscience2022
The effect of photobiomodulation on the brain during wakefulness and sleep.
Review in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phototherapy of Alzheimer's Disease: Photostimulation of Brain Lymphatics during Sleep: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Photobiomodulation improves depression symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Enhanced combined effect of thymoquinone and transcranial photobiomodulation on cerebral ischemia-induced injuries in animal model.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Optimizing Brain Biology Through Near-Infrared-Induced Mitochondrial Melatonin Synthesis: A Hypothesis Paper.Cureus · 2026Review
- New Strategies for the Prevention and Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease Based on Stimulation of Brain Drainage and Lymphatic Clearance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Neuro-lymphaphotonics opens new horizons of the future technologies for the therapy of brain diseases.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Red and near-infrared light treatment can change the intensity of biophoton emissions in cell culture.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Photobiomodulation in cardiovascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and pharmacological approaches to enhance the therapeutics effects of light.Lasers in medical science · 2025Review
- Brain photobiomodulation: a potential treatment in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025Review
- Enhancing Sleep Quality: The Impact of the "Repose Tao" Pillow with TaopatchClocks & sleep · 2025Article
- Quantification and stimulation of human glymphatic dynamics: New features of Alzheimer's disease and effects of brain photobiomodulation.Research square · 2025Article
- Enhancing sleep, wakefulness, and cognition with transcranial photobiomodulation: a systematic review.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Review
- Circadian system coordination: new perspectives beyond classical models.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Short-term efficacy of photobiomodulation in early and intermediate age-related macular degeneration: the PBM4AMD study.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- A brief literature review of low-level laser therapy for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and confirmation of its effectiveness.BioMedicine · 2024Review
- Transcranial photobiomodulation for brain diseases: review of animal and human studies including mechanisms and emerging trends.Neurophotonics · 2024Review
- Technology of the photobiostimulation of the brain's drainage system during sleep for improvement of learning and memory in male mice.Biomedical optics express · 2024Article
- Outcomes of whole-body photobiomodulation on pain, quality of life, leisure physical activity, pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, and self-efficacy: a prospective randomized triple-blinded clinical trial with 6 months of follow-up.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Mechanisms of phototherapy of Alzheimer's disease during sleep and wakefulness: the role of the meningeal lymphatics.Frontiers of optoelectronics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over the last seventy years or so, many previous studies have shown that photobiomodulation, the use of red to near infrared light on body tissues, can improve central and peripheral neuronal function and survival in both health and in disease. These improvements are thought to arise principally from an impact of photobiomodulation on mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial mechanisms in a range of different cell types, including neurones. This impact has downstream effects on many stimulatory and protective genes. An often-neglected feature of nearly all of these improvements is that they have been induced during the state of wakefulness. Recent studies have shown that when applied during the state of sleep, photobiomodulation can also be of benefit, but in a different way, by improving the flow of cerebrospinal fluid and the clearance of toxic waste-products from the brain. In this review, we consider the potential differential effects of photobiomodulation dependent on the state of arousal. We speculate that the effects of photobiomodulation is on different cells and systems depending on whether it is applied during wakefulness or sleep, that it may follow a circadian rhythm. We speculate further that the arousal-dependent photobiomodulation effects are mediated principally through a biophoton - ultra-weak light emission - network of communication and repair across the brain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.