ReviewDrug design, development and therapy2022
Targeting Indoleamine Dioxygenase and Tryptophan Dioxygenase in Cancer Immunotherapy: Clinical Progress and Challenges.
Review in Drug design, development and therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Discovery of a Dual IDO1/TDO Inhibitor That Modulates Enzymatic Activity and IDO1/SHP-2 Signaling.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Article
- IDO family: the metabolic crossroads connecting immunity, nerves and tumors.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Tumor microenvironment phenotyping guides precision therapy in unresectable pancreatic cancer.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Review
- Drug repurposing through Biophysical Insights: Focus on Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase and Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase Dual Inhibitors.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2025Article
- The Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Its Therapeutic Targeting.Cells · 2025Review
- Biological and Analytical Perspectives on D-Amino Acids in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Amino acids in cancer: Understanding metabolic plasticity and divergence for better therapeutic approaches.Cell reports · 2025Review
- IDO1 inhibitor enhances the effectiveness of PD-1 blockade in microsatellite stable colorectal cancer by promoting macrophage pro-inflammatory phenotype polarization.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- New progress in imaging diagnosis and immunotherapy of breast cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Stimuli-Responsive Drug Delivery Systems for Enhanced Melanoma Immunotherapy.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Review
- IDO and TDO inhibitors in cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms, clinical development, and future directions.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Improving the Anti-Tumor Effect of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Inhibitor CY1-4 by CY1-4 Nano-Skeleton Drug Delivery System.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2024Article
- Revolutionizing our understanding of Parkinson's disease: Dr. Heinz Reichmann's pioneering research and future research direction.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2024Review
- Discovery and binding mode of small molecule inhibitors of the apo form of human TDO2.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic significance of Tryptophan Metabolism and signaling in cancer.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Identification of a Compound Inhibiting Both the Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Functions of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Article
- Kynurenine Pathway after Kidney Transplantation: Friend or Foe?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Adverse Events in Anti-PD-1-Treated Adjuvant and First-Line Advanced Melanoma Patients.Cancers · 2024Article
- ASOptimizer: Optimizing antisense oligonucleotides through deep learning for IDO1 gene regulation.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Indoleamine 2.3-dioxygenases (IDO1/2) and tryptophan 2.3-dioxygenase (TDO) are the initial and rate-limiting enzymes in tryptophan metabolism, which play an essential role in mediating immunosuppression in tumor microenvironment. Accumulating evidence has indicated that both IDO1 and TDO are highly expressed in many malignant tumors, and their expression is generally associated with reduced tumor-infiltrating immune cells, increased regulatory T-cell infiltration, as well as cancer progression and poor prognosis for malignancies. A large number of IDO1 and TDO inhibitors have been screened or synthesized in the last two decades. Thus far, at least 12 antagonists targeting IDO1 and TDO have advanced to clinical trials. In this account, we conducted a comprehensive review of the development of IDO1 and TDO inhibitors in cancer immunotherapy, particularly their clinical research progress, and presented the current challenges and corresponding solutions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.