ReviewImmunotherapy advances2021
Peripheral T cell lymphopenia in COVID-19: potential mechanisms and impact.
Review in Immunotherapy advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cellular immunotherapy for COVID-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome: Results of the CIRCA-19 phase 1 safety and phase 2 randomized controlled trials.Stem cell reports · 2026Trial
- A macrophage-mimetic nanocarrier co-loaded with geraniol and FK13-a1 for MRSA-induced acute lung injury.Drug delivery · 2026Article
- Probable cavernous sinus-adjacent meningeal metastasis from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A case report.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Caspase-11-mediated hyperinflammation impairs CD8+ T cell immunity and viral clearance in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Post-COVID-19 Jaw Osteonecrosis: A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Adenosine signaling promotes double-negative T-cell anticancer responses in conditions of CD8 T-cell lymphopenia.Blood immunology & cellular therapy · 2026Article
- Trend in Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) Before and During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: A Retrospective Analysis From a Sub-Urban Area in Sub-Saharan Africa.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Lymphopenia is Associated with Altered Pathogen Distribution and Increased Disease Severity in Viral Pneumonia: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Clinical features and outcomes of viral respiratory infections in adults during the 2023-2024 winter season.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Clinical and immunological insights into SARS-CoV-2 reinfection: a propensity score-matched cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Kidney Involvement in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Peritoneal Dialysis as the Preferred Modality.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Effect of glycemic control on lymphocyte subsets in the dissemination of pulmonary tuberculosis: A retrospective analysis.Infectious medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of Immunosuppression on Immune Cell Dynamics in COVID-19: A Serial Comparison of Leukocyte Data in Healthy and Immunocompromised Patients Before and After Infection.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Delayed viral clearance and altered inflammatory responses affect severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in aged mice.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Article
- Bilateral Peritonsillar Abscesses Subsequent to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- Blood absolute lymphocyte count and trajectory are important in understanding severe COVID-19.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Risk of hematologic malignancies following herpes zoster after COVID-19: a global cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunopathogenesis involving T lymphocytes, which play a key role in defence against viral infection, could contribute to the spectrum of COVID-19 disease and provide an avenue for treatment. To address this question, a review of clinical observational studies and autopsy data in English and Chinese languages was conducted with a search of registered clinical trials. Peripheral lymphopenia affecting CD4 and CD8 T cells was a striking feature of severe COVID-19 compared with non-severe disease. Autopsy data demonstrated infiltration of T cells into organs, particularly the lung. Seventy-four clinical trials are on-going that could target T cell-related pathogenesis, particularly IL-6 pathways. SARS-CoV-2 infection interrupts T cell circulation in patients with severe COVID-19. This could be due to redistribution of T cells into infected organs, activation induced exhaustion, apoptosis, or pyroptosis. Measuring T cell dynamics during COVID-19 will inform clinical risk-stratification of hospitalised patients and could identify those who would benefit most from treatments that target T cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.