ArticleGenetics2022
Fixation dynamics of beneficial alleles in prokaryotic polyploid chromosomes and plasmids.
Article in Genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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12 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- The shared evolutionary capacities of plasmids and extrachromosomal DNA.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Review
- Draft genome sequences and comparative analyses of Spiroplasma citri strains from various hosts.Folia microbiologica · 2026Article
- Plasmid mutation rates scale with copy number.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Intracellular competition shapes plasmid population dynamics.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of CRISPR-Cas in sensitizing bacterial populations with plasmid-encoded antimicrobial resistance.Genetics · 2025Article
- The role of plasmid copy number and mutation rate in evolutionary outcomes.Nature ecology & evolution · 2025Article
- The combination of active partitioning and toxin-antitoxin systems is most advantageous for low-copy plasmid fitness.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Evolutionary rescue of bacterial populations by heterozygosity on multicopy plasmids.Journal of mathematical biology · 2025Article
- Diverse Genome Structures among Eukaryotes May Have Arisen in Response to Genetic Conflict.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Review
- Heteroplasmy Is Rare in Plant Mitochondria Compared with Plastids despite Similar Mutation Rates.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Segregational drift hinders the evolution of antibiotic resistance on polyploid replicons.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- A mathematician's guide to plasmids: an introduction to plasmid biology for modellers.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Theoretical population genetics has been mostly developed for sexually reproducing diploid and for monoploid (haploid) organisms, focusing on eukaryotes. The evolution of bacteria and archaea is often studied by models for the allele dynamics in monoploid populations. However, many prokaryotic organisms harbor multicopy replicons-chromosomes and plasmids-and theory for the allele dynamics in populations of polyploid prokaryotes remains lacking. Here, we present a population genetics model for replicons with multiple copies in the cell. Using this model, we characterize the fixation process of a dominant beneficial mutation at 2 levels: the phenotype and the genotype. Our results show that depending on the mode of replication and segregation, the fixation of the mutant phenotype may precede genotypic fixation by many generations; we term this time interval the heterozygosity window. We furthermore derive concise analytical expressions for the occurrence and length of the heterozygosity window, showing that it emerges if the copy number is high and selection strong. Within the heterozygosity window, the population is phenotypically adapted, while both alleles persist in the population. Replicon ploidy thus allows for the maintenance of genetic variation following phenotypic adaptation and consequently for reversibility in adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions.
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