SynthesisBioMed research international2022
Anatomical Evaluation of Root and Root Canal Morphology of Permanent Mandibular Dentition among the Saudi Arabian Population: A Systematic Review.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Three-dimensional evaluation of root canal morphology in mandibular premolars of Saudi individuals: a CBCT study.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2025Article
- Variations in Root and Canal Morphology of Mandibular First Molars: A Retrospective Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study in a Saudi Subpopulation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence of radix entomolaris and distolingual canals and their association with the incidence of middle mesial canals in mandibular first molars of a Saudi subpopulation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Root and canal morphology of mandibular second molars in a Chinese Kazakh population by cone-beam computed tomography.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Factors Associated with Postsurgical Pain and Swelling Following Endodontic Microsurgery: The Role of Radiographic Characteristics.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Obturation quality of bioceramic sealers with different obturation techniques: a micro-CT evaluation.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Comprehensive Analysis of Mandibular First Molar Root and Canal Morphology in Saudi Patients Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2024Article
- CBCT based investigation of frequency of Middle Mesial Canal in Mandibular First Molars of Saudi Sub-population.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Evaluating the Internal Anatomy of Maxillary Premolars in an Adult Saudi Subpopulation Using 2 Classifications: A CBCT-Based Retrospective Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2024Article
- Article
- Restorative and Endodontic Management of a Mandibular Canine With Two Roots and Two Canals: A Case Report.Cureus · 2023Article
- Prevalence of Second Root and Root Canal in Mandibular and Maxillary Premolars Based on Two Classification Systems in Sub-Population of Northern Region (Saudi Arabia) Assessed Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT): A Retrospective Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to conduct a compendious review of root canal morphology of "permanent mandibular teeth in different regions of Saudi Arabia" to obtain a large sample representing the total population. A detailed search through the databases Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. The data were analyzed based on the following inclusion criteria: original full-length original articles that reported the variables of interest "(number of roots, number of canals, Vertucci's classification system and C-shaped canals or mid-mesial canals)" of the mandibular teeth and conducted on Saudi subjects. The retrieved data were presented as frequencies and percentages. The results revealed that 56.6% of mandibular central incisors had one canal and Vertucci type I (56.6%), while 57.4% of the mandibular lateral incisors had one canal, with Vertucci types I and III most frequent. In mandibular canines, 91.8% had one canal and 8.2% had two canals. Most of the mandibular first premolars had one root (86.6%), while almost all mandibular second premolars (91.5%) had one canal, and 96.9% had Vertucci type I configuration. Among the mandibular first molars, three and four canals were prevalent in 58.7% and 40.6%, respectively. The majority of mesial roots had Vertucci type IV (60.6%), and most of distal roots had Vertucci type I (72.2%). Most of the mandibular second molars had three canals (87.3%) and showed Vertucci type IV (39.4%) canals for mesial roots and Vertucci type I (95.6%) for distal roots. The C-shaped canals were seen in 8% of first premolars and 9.8% of second molars. The middle mesial canal was found in 4.2% and 0.4% of first and second molars, respectively. This review could represent "the population of Saudi Arabia as the included samples were combined from different regions of the country." Some variations were noticed within the same group of teeth from different regions. However, the overall results of combined samples were comparable to the other international studies.
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