ArticleSSM - population health2022
Black-White variation in the relationship between early educational experiences and trajectories of cognitive function among US-born older adults.
Article in SSM - population health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early life adversity, educational attainment, and cardiometabolic risk among middle-aged and older adults in the United States.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- Observational
- APOE genotype and cognitive decline: educational context as a moderator of genetic risk.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- Regional disparities in cognitive life expectancy: The role of birth and current residence in the United States.Health & place · 2025Article
- Exposure to School Racial Segregation and Late-Life Cognitive Outcomes.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Racial Differences in Older Adult's Mental Health and Cognitive Symptomatology: Identifying Subgroups Using Multiple-Group Latent Class Analysis.Journal of aging and health · 2024Article
- School racial/ethnic composition, effect modification by caring teacher/staff presence, and mid-/late-life depressive symptoms: findings from the Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- State-Level Education Quality and Trajectories of Cognitive Function by Race and Educational Attainment.The Milbank quarterly · 2024Article
- The long-term health effects of childhood exposure to social and economic policies: A scoping review.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
- Association of Childhood Exposure to School Racial Segregation with Late-Life Cognitive Outcomes among Older Americans.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Racial Disparities in Cognitive Health Among Older Americans: The Role of Debt-Asset Profiles During Preretirement Age.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2024Article
- Structural racism in primary schools and changes in epigenetic age acceleration among Black and White youth.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
- State-level desegregation in the U.S. South and mid-life cognitive function among Black and White adults.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Black adults face a substantially higher risk for dementia in later life compared to their White peers. Given the critical role of educational attainment and cognitive function in later life dementia risk, this paper aims to determine if early educational experiences and educational attainment are differentially related to trajectories of cognitive status across race and if this further varies by education cohort. We use data from the Life History Mail Survey (LHMS) and prospective data on cognition from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). We restrict our sample to Black and White US-born adults who provided at least one measure of cognitive status from 1995/6-2016. We find evidence of Black-White differences in the association between educational experiences and level of cognitive function, episodic memory, and working memory, but little evidence of Black-White differences in these associations with decline. Having a learning problem was associated with lower levels of cognitive function, episodic memory, and working memory for White and Black older adults, but was more strongly related to these outcomes among Black older adults. Further, the Black-White difference in this association was generally found in older cohorts that completed schooling after enactment of federal policies that improved educational resources for children with learning disabilities. Attending racially discordant schools was positively associated with level of these cognitive outcomes for Black older adults but not for White older adults. We also find that the educational gradient in level of cognitive function was larger for Black compared to White older adults in older cohorts not benefiting from the
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