ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Indigo Carmine in a Food Dye: Spectroscopic Characterization and Determining Its Micro-Concentration through the Clock Reaction.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent progress in indigo carmine remediation through adsorptive, photocatalytic, electrochemical, and biological approaches.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Insights into the Regulation of Indigo Production in an EngineeredFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Application of the Briggs-Rauscher Oscillatory Reaction for Tartrazine Determination in Food Dye: Spectroscopic, Microscopic, and Analytical Characterization.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Facile synthesis of a ZnO nanoplate/Ag nanoparticle hybrid as a highly sensitive SERS substrate for indigo carmine detection.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Mathematical modelling of the vitamin C clock reaction: a study of two kinetic regimes.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- Multimodal HSI Combined with Multiblock Data Fusion: A New Tool for the Study of Time-Dependent Alteration Processes in Dyed Textiles.Analytical chemistry · 2024Article
- Comprehensive Review ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Indigo Carmine: Between Necessity and Concern.Journal of xenobiotics · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Indigo carmine is a commonly used industrial blue dye. To determine its concentration in a commercially available food dye composed of a mixture of indigo carmine and D-glucose, this paper characterizes it through (ATR, KBr) FTIR micro-Raman as well as UV/Vis and clock: Briggs-Rauscher (BR) oscillatory reaction methods. The indigo carmine was detected in the bulk food dye only by applying micro-Raman spectroscopy, indicating a low percentage of the indigo carmine present. This research provides an improvement in the deviations from the experimental Raman spectrum as calculated by the B97D/cc-pVTZ level of theory one, resulting in a better geometrical optimization of the indigo carmine molecule compared to data within the literature. The analytical curves used to determine indigo carmine concentrations (and quantities) in an aqueous solution of food dye were applied by means of UV/Vis and BR methods. BR yielded significantly better analytical parameters: 100 times lower LOD and LOQ compared to commonly used UV/Vis. The remarkable sensitivity of the BR reaction towards indigo carmine suggests that not only does indigo carmine react in an oscillatory reaction but also its decomposition products, meaning that the multiple oxidation reactions have an important role in the BR's indigo carmine mechanism. The novelty of this research is the investigation of indigo carmine using a clock BR reaction, opening new possibilities to determine indigo carmine in other complex samples (pharmaceutical, food, etc.).
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