ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
A Non-Randomized Pilot Study on the Benefits of Baby Swimming on Motor Development.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Assessment of the measurement properties of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2 by applying the COSMIN methodology.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of Exposure to Formal Aquatic Activities on Babies Younger Than 36 Months: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Correlation analysis of fundamental movement skills level and aquatic competence acquisition in children aged 4-6 years.Frontiers in public health · 2026Trial
- Effects of formal aquatic activities on health and developmental outcomes in infants and toddlers younger than 36 months: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Article
- Sport climbing competence is influenced by training frequency, experience, self-efficacy, flow, and emotional intelligence.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Effect of swimming initiation period and continuation frequency on motor competence development in children aged up to 3 years: the Japan environment and children's study.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Supporting Infants' Motor Development through Water Activities: A Preliminary Case-Control Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Salivary Cortisol Levels after Hydrotherapy and Land-Based Therapy as a Marker of Stress in Children with Psychomotor Developmental Disorders: A Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- The Impact of Birth Season and Sex on Motor Skills in 2-Year-Old Children: A Study in Jinhua, Eastern China.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Caregiver perspectives on barriers and facilitators to pediatric intestinal failure quality of life.Intestinal Failure (New York, N.Y.)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
According to the concept of “embodied cognition”, motor development should not be considered distant from cognitive and language processes. Motor development is essential in the first 1000 days of life, as the child explores and learns new information from the environment. Among motor activities, baby swimming allows infants to make movements that they are not able to perform on solid ground. Since movements become slower in water, the sensory perception of these movements is amplified. However, the relationship between early swimming experience and motor development has not yet been investigated. Therefore, we carried out a pilot study with the aim of exploring this relationship for the first time. To that end, 32 infants aged from 6 to 10 months were recruited. The Peabody Developmental Motor Scale-2 was used to assess motor abilities in healthy children who regularly carried out aquatic courses compared to children who never attended swimming practice. Independent-sample t-tests showed significant differences in favor of the group that performed infant swimming activities on measures of reflexes (t = −2.2, p < 0.05), grasping (t = −3.8, p < 0.001), fine-motor quotient (t = −3.4, p < 0.01) and total-motor quotient (t = −2.4, p < 0.05). Overall, in line with the embodied cognition perspective, these preliminary results are encouraging and allow us to investigate how motor development influences later language development.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.