Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35953659›Full record

ArticleBehavior research methods2023

To BYOD or not: Are device latencies important for bring-your-own-device (BYOD) smartphone cognitive testing?

Jessica Nicosia, Benjamin Wang, Andrew J Aschenbrenner, Martin J Sliwinski, Scott T Yabiku, Nelson A Roque, Laura T Germine, Randall J Bateman, John C Morris, Jason Hassenstab

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Behavior research methods, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

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  9. Digital Neuropsychology beyond Computerized Cognitive Assessment: Applications of Novel Digital Technologies.Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists · 2024
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jessica NicosiaCharles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Benjamin Wang, Mountain View, USA.
Andrew J AschenbrennerCharles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Martin J SliwinskiDepartment of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Scott T YabikuDepartment of Sociology and Criminology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Nelson A RoqueDepartment of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
Laura T GermineDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Randall J BatemanCharles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
John C MorrisCharles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Jason HassenstabCharles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. hassenstabj@wustl.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-7802-3371

Funding

Smartphone-Based "Burst" Cognitive AssessmentsP01AG003991 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Tammie Lee Smith Benzinger · 1985 to 2026
$69.5M
Imaging CoreU19AG032438 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BATEMAN, RANDALL J · 2010 to 2025
$53.9M
Ambulatory Methods for Measuring Cognitive ChangeU2CAG060408 · NIA · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE · PI CHINCHILLI, VERNON M · 2018 to 2022
$14.9M
OPTIMIZING COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT IN DIAN WITH SMARTPHONE-BASED BURST TESTING - Administrative SupplementR01AG057840 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI HASSENSTAB, JASON J · 2018 to 2022
$4.2M
NIA NIH HHS P01 AG003991NIA NIH HHS R01 AG057840NIA NIH HHS U19 AG032438NIA NIH HHS U2C AG060408
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Studies using remote cognitive testing must make a critical decision: whether to allow participants to use their own devices or to provide participants with a study-specific device. Bring-your-own-device (BYOD) studies have several advantages including increased accessibility, potential for larger sample sizes, and reduced participant burden. However, BYOD studies offer little control over device performance characteristics that could potentially influence results. In particular, response times measured by each device not only include the participant's true response time, but also latencies of the device itself. The present study investigated two prominent sources of device latencies that pose significant risks to data quality: device display output latency and touchscreen input latency. We comprehensively tested 26 popular smartphones ranging in price from < $100 to $1000+ running either Android or iOS to determine if hardware and operating system differences led to appreciable device latency variability. To accomplish this, a custom-built device called the Latency and Timing Assessment Robot (LaTARbot) measured device display output and capacitive touchscreen input latencies. We found considerable variability across smartphones in display and touch latencies which, if unaccounted for, could be misattributed as individual or group differences in response times. Specifically, total device (sum of display and touch) latencies ranged from 35 to 140 ms. We offer recommendations to researchers to increase the precision of data collection and analysis in the context of remote BYOD studies.

Indexed as

Computers, HandheldSmartphoneData CollectionHumansSoftwareAmbulatory assessmentBYODRemote assessmentSmartphones

Identifiers

PMID35953659
PMCPMC9918597

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.