ArticleNano letters2022
Nanoscale Tracking Combined with Cell-Scale Microrheology Reveals Stepwise Increases in Force Generated by Cancer Cell Protrusions.
Article in Nano letters, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nuclear Mechanics and Nuclear Mechanotransduction in Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- SWI/SNF ATPase silenced HLF potentiates lung metastasis in solid cancers.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Probabilistic analysis of spatial viscoelastic cues in 3D cell culture using magnetic microrheometry.Biophysical journal · 2025Article
- Chromatin compaction during confined cell migration induces and reshapes nuclear condensates.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Fibrin Stiffness Regulates Phenotypic Plasticity of Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Article
- Quantifying stiffness and forces of tumor colonies and embryos using a magnetic microrobot.Science robotics · 2023Article
- Mechanobiology in oncology: basic concepts and clinical prospects.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Prognostic roles of a novel basement membranes-related gene signature in lung adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- Article
- Decoding tumor heterogeneity in uveal melanoma: basement membrane genes as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets revealed by multi-omics approaches for cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Recent advances in regenerative biomaterials.Regenerative biomaterials · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In early breast cancer progression, cancer cells invade through a nanoporous basement membrane (BM) as a first key step toward metastasis. This invasion is thought to be mediated by a combination of proteases, which biochemically degrade BM matrix, and physical forces, which mechanically open up holes in the matrix. To date, techniques that quantify cellular forces of BM invasion in 3D culture have been unavailable. Here, we developed cellular-force measurements for breast cancer cell invasion in 3D culture that combine multiple-particle tracking of force-induced BM-matrix displacements at the nanoscale, and magnetic microrheometry of localized matrix mechanics. We find that cancer-cell protrusions exert forces from picoNewtons up to nanoNewtons during invasion. Strikingly, the protrusions extension involves stepwise increases in force, in steps of 0.2 to 0.5 nN exerted from every 30 s to 6 min. Thus, this technique reveals previously unreported dynamics of force generation by invasive protrusions in cancer cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.