ArticleHealth science reports2022
Prevalence and associations of depression, anxiety, and stress among people living with HIV: A hospital-based analytical cross-sectional study.
Article in Health science reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gender differences in the prevalence of anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder and associated factors among adults in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Depressive symptoms and its determinants among people living with HIV in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Maternal mental health as a neglected dimension of primary health care systems responsiveness in low- and middle-income countries: a mixed methods cross-sectional study in Ghana.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Healthcare worker perspectives on barriers to integrating mental health services into human immunodeficiency virus care in Windhoek, Namibia: A convergent parallel mixed-methods design.Journal of public health in Africa · 2026Article
- Prevalence and social determinants of anxiety and depressive disorders and symptoms among adults in Ghana: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2026Review
- Prevalence of Depression, Suicidality, Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Factors Among Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy in Namibia.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Factors associated with death anxiety among nurses working in the earthquake region: a cross-sectional correlational study.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Structural brain differences in school-aged children who are HIV-exposed uninfected.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Depression, anxiety, and stress among HIV-positive pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: a hospital-based cross-sectional study in India.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Correlates of internalized stigma and antiretroviral therapy adherence among people living with HIV in the Volta region of Ghana.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Analysis of the integration of medical and nursing care and its association with depression and anxiety among medical staff in the Jinhua area.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Interaction Effect of Depression and Hypertension on Nephrotoxicity Among Persons Living With HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of nephrology · 2025Article
- Understanding depression, anxiety and stress in young people living with HIV in Ghana.African journal of AIDS research : AJAR · 2024Article
- Mental health burden among females living with HIV and AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- An exploratory qualitative study of the psychological effects of HIV diagnosis; the need for early involvement of mental health professionals to improve linkage to care.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Decrypting biological hallmarks of aging in people with HIV.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2023Review
- Coping with loneliness and stigma associated with HIV in a resource-limited setting, making a case for mental health interventions; a sequential mixed methods study.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Perceptions, maltreatment and religion as predictors of the psycho-emotional impact on nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2023Article
- Prevalence and associations of depression, anxiety, and stress among people living with HIV: A hospital-based analytical cross-sectional study.Health science reports · 2022Article
- Patient and Healthcare Worker Perspectives on the Integration of Mental Health Services Into Routine ART Services in Windhoek, Namibia: A Qualitative Study.International journal of integrated careArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Background and Aims: An important but much less researched burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Sub-Saharan Africa includes the associated mental health outcomes of living with the virus. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress, and describe some of the socio-demographic associations among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Ghana. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Simple random sampling was used to recruit 395 PLHIV who access HIV-related services at the antiretroviral therapy clinic. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 was used to assess prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress. Frequencies and percentages were used to estimate the prevalence and multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate sociodemographic factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. Results: The prevalence estimates of depression, anxiety, and stress among PLHIV were 28.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 24.4-33.3), 40.8% (95% CI = 36.0-45.8), and 10.6% (95% CI = 7.9-14.1), respectively. Females reported higher prevalence of depression (32.2%; 95% CI = 27.2-37.7), anxiety (44.0%; 95% CI = 38.4-49.6), and stress (12.6%; 95% CI = 9.4-17.0) compared to depression (17.5%; 95% CI = 11.1-26.4), anxiety (30.9%; 95% CI = 22.5-40.7), and stress (4.1%; 95% CI = 1.2-10.4) among males. PLHIV without a regular partner were about 0.63 increased odds of experiencing anxiety compared to those with a regular partner (AOR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.40-1.00: Conclusions: Generally, the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression are high among PLHIV, but disproportionately higher among females. Mental health assessment and management should be integrated into the HIV care services. There should be capacity building for health care workers to offer differentiated service delivery based on mental health care needs of PLHIV.
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