Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35949295›Full record

ArticleLiver cancer2022

Surgery versus Radiofrequency Ablation for Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Randomized Controlled Trial (SURF Trial).

Tadatoshi Takayama, Kiyoshi Hasegawa, Namiki Izumi, Masatoshi Kudo, Mitsuo Shimada, Naoki Yamanaka, Masafumi Inomata, Shuichi Kaneko, Hisashi Nakayama, Yoshikuni Kawaguchi and 8 more

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Liver cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
114citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
13.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

114 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 182 citations in OpenAlex.

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  16. Laparoscopic or Open Liver Resection Versus Multibipolar Radiofrequency Ablation of HCC Within Milan Criteria on Cirrhosis.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026
    Article
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54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 13 institutions in 1 country.

Tadatoshi TakayamaDepartment of Digestive Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Kiyoshi HasegawaHepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Namiki IzumiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Masatoshi KudoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Mitsuo ShimadaDepartment of Surgery, Tokushima University School of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan.
Naoki YamanakaMeiwa Hospital, Hyogo, Japan.
Masafumi InomataDepartment of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan.
Shuichi KanekoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan.
Hisashi NakayamaDepartment of Digestive Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Yoshikuni KawaguchiHepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Kosuke KashiwabaraBiostatistics Division, Central Coordinating Unit, Clinical Research Support Center, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Ryosuke TateishiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Shuichiro ShiinaDepartment of Gastroenterological Imaging and Interventional Oncology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Kazuhiko KoikeDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Yutaka MatsuyamaDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Masao OmataInternal Medicine, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan.
Masatoshi MakuuchiKoto Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Norihiro KokudoNational Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
The University of Tokyo · JPNihon University · JPJuntendo University · JPKanazawa University · JPKindai University · JPKoto Hospital · JPMiwa Hospital · JPMusashino Red Cross Hospital · JPNational Center for Global Health and Medicine · JPOita University · JPTokushima University · JPUniversity of Tokyo Hospital · JPYamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: It remains unclear which surgery or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is the more effective treatment for small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to compare survival between patients undergoing surgery (surgery group) and patients undergoing RFA (RFA group). Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial involving 49 institutions in Japan. Patients with Child-Pugh scores ≤7, largest HCC diameter ≤3 cm, and ≤3 HCC nodules were considered eligible. The co-primary endpoints were recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). The current study reports the final result of RFS, and the follow-up of OS is still ongoing. Results: During 2009-2015, 308 patients were registered. After excluding ineligible patients, the surgery and RFA groups included 150 and 151 patients, respectively. Baseline factors did not differ significantly between the groups. In both groups, 90% of patients had solitary HCC. The median largest HCC diameter was 1.8 cm (interquartile range [IQR], 1.5-2.2 cm) in the surgery group and 1.8 cm (IQR, 1.5-2.3 cm) in the RFA group. The median procedure duration (274 vs. 40 min, Discussion/Conclusion: Our study did not show which surgery or RFA is the better treatment option for small HCC.

Indexed as

AblationHepatectomyHepatocellular carcinomaLiver resectionRandomized controlled trial

Identifiers

PMID35949295
PMCPMC9218617
OpenAlexW4200010849

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.