SynthesisBMC public health2022
HIV among people who inject drugs in India: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and associated factors of HIV among female sex workers in Eastern and Southern Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- HIV, hepatitis B & C in people who inject drugs in India: A systematic review of regional heterogeneity & overview of opioid substitution treatment.The Indian journal of medical research · 2023Pooled it
- Evaluation of comprehensive targeted intervention (TI) services among persons who inject drugs (PWIDs) in Himachal Pradesh.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2026Article
- What, how, and when matters: acceptability and preferences for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among people who inject drugs in New Delhi, India.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- An update on bloodborne viruses among people who inject drugs in South Asia.Harm reduction journal · 2026Review
- Evaluating spatially targeted HIV interventions and harm reduction services among people who inject drugs in a high-burden setting.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Evaluating Spatially Targeted HIV Interventions and Harm Reduction Services Among People Who Inject Drugs in a High-Burden Setting.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Characterizing non-fatal overdose among people who inject drugs in India: prevalence and risk factor analysis, 2022-2024.The International journal on drug policy · 2026Article
- HIV and syphilis seroprevalence and related unsafe sexual behaviours among people who inject drugs in Georgia: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Article
- "Sharing is my only option": an ethnographic analysis of the underlying contexts of needle and syringe sharing among people who inject drugs using the socio-ecological framework.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Expanding single-venue services to better engage young people who inject drugs: insights from India.Harm reduction journal · 2024Review
- Current status of harm reduction in India: Are we doing enough?Indian journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
- Network centrality and HIV prevention service use among people who inject drugs: Findings from a sociometric network cohort in New Delhi, India.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2024Observational
- Respondent-driven sampling is more efficient than facility-based strategies at identifying undiagnosed people who inject drugs living with HIV in India.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- OAT and NSP and their potential to reduce HIV incidence among people who inject drugs in low- and middle-income countries.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2023Article
- Understanding the epidemiology of substance use in India: A review of nationwide surveys.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2023Review
- The use of oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among people who inject drugs: barriers, and recommendations.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- HIV and its associated factors among people who inject drugs in Mizoram, Northeast India.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about the epidemiology of HIV infection among HIV positive people who inject drugs (PWID) in India. Injecting drug use has emerged as an important route of HIV transmission in India. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review on the risk behaviours associated with HIV infection among HIV positive PWID and assess the data reported.
methodsA systematic search of six electronic databases, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase and Ovid Medline was conducted. These databases were searched for published studies on injecting risk behaviours, sexual risk behaviours and socio-demographic factors associated with HIV infection among HIV positive PWID in India.
resultsA total of 15 studies were included in the review of which 3 studies evaluated HIV/HCV coinfection among HIV positive PWID. Older age, low educational level and employment status were significantly associated with HIV infection. Sharing of syringe and needle, frequency of injection, early initiation of injecting practice, inconsistent condom use and having multiple sexual partners were all commonly associated with HIV infection among HIV positive PWID.
conclusionOur study identified significant injecting and sexual risk behaviours among HIV positive PWID in India. There is an increasing HIV transmission among PWID in different states, more so in the northeastern states and in metropolitan cities in India. More studies need to be conducted in other regions of the country to understand the true burden of the disease. The lack of sufficient data among HIV positive female PWID does not preclude the possibility of a hidden epidemic among female PWID. The need of the hour is for the prevention of further transmission by this high-risk group through the provision of comprehensive programs, surveillance and robust continuation of harm reduction services.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.