SynthesisBMC oral health2022
Malocclusion characteristics amongst individuals with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC oral health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dental Caries of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Oral health status of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- [Preventive and therapeutic dental care for people with various disabilities in Argentina]Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Medicas (Cordoba, Argentina) · 2026Article
- A risk prediction model for autism spectrum disorder integrating biopsychosocial factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis with multicenter validation.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
- Orthodontic aligner therapy outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorder.International journal of paediatric dentistry · 2025Article
- Case Report: Challenges of orthodontic treatment in patients with autism spectrum disorders diagnosed in adulthood.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Effects of individuals' esthetic expectations and the classifications of dentofacial deformities on patients' depression: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Cross-bite and oral habits among Albanian autistic children according to the stages of occlusal development.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Bruxism associated with short sleep duration in children with autism spectrum disorder: The Japan Environment and Children's Study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Major depressive disorder elevates the risk of dentofacial deformity: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Oral Health Statuses of Children and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Umbrella Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo estimate the prevalence of malocclusion in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and to assess the relationship between ASD and malocclusion.
methodsWe searched electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, SciELO LILACS, Proquest, OpenGrey and Google Scholar. There were no language or publication dates restrictions. Two researchers independently performed selection, data extraction and quality assessment. Quality assessment and risk of bias were evaluated through the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and ROBINS-E tool. Meta-analyses using random effect models were used to estimate pooled measures of prevalence of malocclusion characteristics in individuals with ASD and pooled odds ratio (OR) on the relationship between ASD and malocclusion characteristics. Subgroup meta-analyses were conducted according to children and adolescents, history of orthodontic treatment, and occurrence of other syndromes and medical conditions.
resultsSearching identified 5549 papers with 238 were selected for full assessment. Eighteen cross-sectional studies were included according to inclusion criteria. Of them, eleven studies were considered of moderate quality. A judgement of critical risk of bias occurred for thirteen studies. The most prevalent malocclusion characteristics in individuals with ASD were crowding (33%; 95% CI 22 to 44%) and increased maxillary overjet (39%; 95% CI 23 to 54%). Individuals with ASD had higher odds of Angle's Class II (OR 1.92; 95% CI 1.36 to 2.72), Angle's Class III (OR 2.33; 95% CI 1.29 to 4.23), open bite (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.21 to 3.16), and increased maxillary overjet (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.06 to 2.21) than individuals without ASD.
conclusionsAngle's Class II, Angle's Class III, anterior open bite and increased maxillary overjet were more prevalent in individuals with ASD than those without ASD. Further high-quality studies are needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.