ArticleScience advances2022
Transfer from spatial education to verbal reasoning and prediction of transfer from learning-related neural change.
Article in Science advances, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Anxiety and Performance in High-Achieving Adolescents: Associations Among 8 General and Specific Anxiety Measures and 13 School Grades.PsyCh journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Neurocognitive correlates of spatial thinking mediate the relation between socioeconomic status and STEM achievement.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Math anxiety and science anxiety are associated with spatial cognition and STEM interest in deaf, hard of hearing, and hearing people.NPJ science of learning · 2025Article
- Individual differences in navigation skill: towards reliable and valid measures.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2025Article
- A Rapid Cortical Learning Process Supporting Students' Knowledge Construction During Real Classroom Teaching.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Assessing STEM differentiation needs based on spatial ability and engagement: implications for making activities.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Examining the Interplay between the Cognitive and Emotional Aspects of Gender Differences in Spatial Processing.Journal of Intelligence · 2024Article
- A dual-process model for cognitive training.NPJ science of learning · 2023Article
- The Mental Models Training App: Enhancing verbal reasoning through a cognitive training mobile application.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Current debate surrounds the promise of neuroscience for education, including whether learning-related neural changes can predict learning transfer better than traditional performance-based learning assessments. Longstanding debate in philosophy and psychology concerns the proposition that spatial processes underlie seemingly nonspatial/verbal reasoning (mental model theory). If so, education that fosters spatial cognition might improve verbal reasoning. Here, in a quasi-experimental design in real-world STEM classrooms, a curriculum devised to foster spatial cognition yielded transfer to improved verbal reasoning. Further indicating a spatial basis for verbal transfer, students' spatial cognition gains predicted and mediated their reasoning improvement. Longitudinal fMRI detected learning-related changes in neural activity, connectivity, and representational similarity in spatial cognition-implicated regions. Neural changes predicted and mediated learning transfer. Ensemble modeling demonstrated better prediction of transfer from neural change than from traditional measures (tests and grades). Results support in-school "spatial education" and suggest that neural change can inform future development of transferable curricula.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.