ArticleJournal of clinical immunology2022
Cryptococcus gattii Infection as the Major Clinical Manifestation in Patients with Autoantibodies Against Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor.
Article in Journal of clinical immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor autoantibodies: A rising cause of infectious diseases.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- GM-CSF orchestrates monocyte and granulocyte responses to Cryptococcus gattii.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- A bioluminescent inhibition immunoassay for detecting GM-CSF inhibitory activity in serum.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2026Article
- Neutralizing GM-CSF autoantibodies impair neutrophil antifungal effector function in a patient with aspergillosis.The Journal of infection · 2025Article
- The emerging fungal pathogen Cryptococcus gattii: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, immunomodulatory attributes, and drug susceptibility.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Review
- Predictors of Cryptococcus gattii Clinical Presentation and Outcome: An International Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Rapidly Progressive Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis Following Cryptococcal Infection: Case Report and Literature Review.Respirology case reports · 2025Article
- Article
- The Pathogenic Role of Anti-Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Autoantibodies in the Nocardiosis with the Central Nervous System Involvement.Journal of clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Antifungal Resistance in Cryptococcal Infections.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Autoantibodies targeting interferons and GM-CSF are associated with adverse outcome risk, comorbidities, and pathogen in community-acquired pneumonia.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Anticytokine Autoantibodies in Infectious Diseases: A Practical Overview.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Anticytokine Autoantibodies and Fungal Infections.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Cryptococcus tetragattii Meningitis Associated with Travel, Taiwan.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Recombinant GM-CSF for diseases of GM-CSF insufficiency: Correcting dysfunctional mononuclear phagocyte disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
27 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAnti-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor autoantibodies (anti-GM-CSF Abs) are a predisposing factor for pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) and Cryptococcus gattii cryptococcosis. This study aimed to investigate clinical manifestations in anti-GM-CSF Ab-positive patients with C. gattii cryptococcosis and analyze the properties of anti-GM-CSF Abs derived from these patients and patients with PAP.
methodsThirty-nine patients diagnosed with cryptococcosis (caused by C. neoformans or C. gattii) and 6 with PAP were enrolled in the present study. Clinical information was obtained from medical records. Blood samples were collected for analysis of autoantibody properties. We also explored the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan to investigate the epidemiology of cryptococcosis and PAP.
resultsHigh titers of neutralizing anti-GM-CSF Abs were identified in 15 patients with cryptococcosis (15/39, 38.5%). Most anti-GM-CSF Ab-positive cryptococcosis cases had central nervous system (CNS) involvement (14/15, 93.3%). Eleven out of 14 (78.6%) anti-GM-CSF Ab-positive CNS cryptococcosis patients were confirmed to be infected with C. gattii, and PAP did not occur synchronously or metachronously in a single patient from our cohort. Exploration of an association between HLA and anti-GM-CSF Ab positivity or differential properties of autoantibodies from cryptococcosis patients and PAP yielded no significant results.
conclusionAnti-GM-CSF Abs can cause two diseases, C. gattii cryptococcosis and PAP, which seldom occur in the same subject. Current biological evidence regarding the properties of anti-GM-CSF Abs cannot provide clues regarding decisive mechanisms. Further analysis, including more extensive cohort studies and investigations into detailed properties, is mandatory to better understand the pathogenesis of anti-GM-CSF Abs.
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