ArticleActa obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica2022
Risk of obstetric anal sphincter injury associated with female genital mutilation/cutting and timing of deinfibulation.
Article in Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deinfibulation for improving obstetric, neonatal, gynecologic, and sexual health outcomes in women and girls with type III female genital mutilation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Pooled it
- IUGA International Guidelines on Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries.International urogynecology journal · 2026Article
- Female genital mutilation/cutting and obstetrical anal sphincter injury risk in the United States.AJOG global reports · 2026Article
- Decisional Conflict in Regarding Deinfibulation in Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Article
- Dyspareunia and Functioning Among Somali Women Who Have Experienced Female Genital Cutting.Journal of sex research · 2026Article
- The effect of intrapartum deinfibulation on obstetric outcomes and postpartum sexual function in pregnant women with Type 3 Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2025Article
- Female genital mutilation/cutting in women delivering in France: An observational national study.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025Observational
- Discerning Deinfibulation: Impact of Personal, Professional, and Familial Influences on Decision-Making.Qualitative health research · 2025Article
- Comment on: "Health outcomes and female genital mutilation/cutting: how much is due to the cutting itself?"International journal of impotence research · 2023Article
- Risk of obstetric anal sphincter injury associated with female genital mutilation/cutting and timing of deinfibulation.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionA greater risk of obstetric anal sphincter injury has been reported among African migrants in several host countries compared with the general population. To what degree female genital mutilation/cutting affects this risk is not clear. In infibulated women, deinfibulation prevents anal sphincter injury. Whether the timing of deinfibulation affects the risk, is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the risks of anal sphincter injury associated with female genital mutilation/cutting and timing of deinfibulation in Norway, and to compare the rates of anal sphincter injury in Somali-born women and the general population. MATERIAL AND
methodsIn a historical cohort study, nulliparous Somali-born women who had a vaginal birth in the period 1990-2014 were identified by the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and data collected from medical records. Exposures were female genital mutilation/cutting status and deinfibulation before labor, during labor or no deinfibulation. The main outcome was obstetric anal sphincter injuries.
resultsRates of obstetric anal sphincter injury did not differ significantly by female genital mutilation/cutting status (type 1-2: 10.2%, type 3: 11.3%, none: 15.2% P = 0.17). The total rate of anal sphincter injury was 10.3% compared to 5.0% among nulliparous women in the general Norwegian population. Women who underwent deinfibulation during labor had a lower risk than women who underwent deinfibulation before labor (odds ratio 0.48, 95% confidence interval 0.27-0.86, P = 0.01).
conclusionsThe high rate of anal sphincter injury in Somali nulliparous women was not related to type of female genital mutilation/cutting. Deinfibulation during labor protected against anal sphincter injury, whereas deinfibulation before labor was associated with a doubled risk. Deinfibulation before labor should not be routinely recommended during pregnancy.
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