Observational studyMedicine2022
STROBE-GnRHa pretreatment in frozen-embryo transfer cycles improves clinical outcomes for patients with persistent thin endometrium: A case-control study.
Observational study in Medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- New advances in the treatment of thin endometrium.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Pregnancy and obstetric-neonatal outcomes of patients with thin endometrium using three different endometrial preparation protocols in frozen embryo transfer cycles: a historical cohort of 2671 patients.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Impact of GnRH Agonist Pretreatment on Frozen-Thawed Embryo Transfer Outcomes of Overweight/Obese Women Undergoing Hormone Replacement Therapy.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Review
- The effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist downregulation in conjunction with hormone replacement therapy on endometrial preparation in patients for frozen-thawed embryo transfer.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Additional single dose GnRH agonist during luteal phase support may improve live birth rate in GnRHa-HRT frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycle: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Effect of Elevated Progesterone Levels on hCG Trigger Day on Clinical Pregnancy Outcome in Short-Acting GnRHa Downregulated Cycles.International journal of women's health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The well-prepared endometrium with appropriate thickness plays a critical role in successful embryo implantation. The thin endometrium is the main factor of frozen-embryo transfer (FET), resulting in the failure of implantation undergoing FET. Hormone treatment is suggested to improve endometrium thickness; however, among the larger numbers of cases, it cannot reach the sufficient thickness, which leads to a high cancelation rate of embryo transfer as well as waste high-quality embryos. Thus, it increases the burden to patients in both economic and psychological perspectives. We performed a retrospective observational study, which was composed with 2 cohorts, either with the conventional hormone replacement therapy (HRT) protocol or HRT with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) pretreatment to prepare the endometrium before FET. The measurements of endometrium thickness, hormone level, transfer cycle cancelation rate, pregnancy rate, and implantation rate were retrieved from the medical records during the routine clinic visits until 1 month after embryo transfer. The comparisons between 2 cohorts were performed by t-test or Mann-Whitney U test depending on the different attributions of data. In total, 49 cycles were under HRT with GnRHa pretreatment and 84 cycles were under the conventional HRT protocol. HRT with GnRHa pretreatment group improved the endometrial thickness (8.13 ± 1.79 vs 7.51 ± 1.45, P = .031), decreased the transfer cancelation rate (P = .003), and increased clinical pregnancy rate and implantation rate significantly (both P = .001). Additionally, luteinizing hormone level in pretreatment group was consistently lower than conventional HRT group (P < .05). Our study revealed HRT with GnRHa pretreatment efficiently improved the endometrial thickness, therefore, decreased the FET cycle cancelation. It also elevated the embryo implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate by improving endometrial receptivity.
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