ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2022
NVX-CoV2373 vaccination induces functional SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19: The Course, Vaccination and Immune Response in People with Multiple Sclerosis: Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Strong CD4+ T-Cell Responses to Ancestral and Variant Spike Proteins Are Established by NVX-CoV2373 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Primary Vaccination.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- Article
- Immunological memory to vaccines.Immunity · 2026Review
- The effect of pre-existing sleep disturbance on T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants, pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving mediators, and glucocorticoid sensitivity in Long COVID.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- ALFQ adjuvanted HIV-1 envelope protein vaccination elicits durable functional antibody and cellular responses in nonhuman primates.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Matrix-M adjuvant triggers inflammasome activation and enables antigen cross-presentation through induction of lysosomal membrane permeabilization.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- T-cell responses induced by SARS-CoV-2 index-virus nanoparticle protein vaccine to the ancestral and omicron variants 6 months following primary vaccination.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- The saponin monophosphoryl lipid A nanoparticle adjuvant induces dose-dependent HIV vaccine responses in nonhuman primates.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- TLR5 activation in respiratory epithelial cells orchestrate mucosal Th17 response through both indirect and direct pathways.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Linking vaccine adjuvant mechanisms of action to function.Science immunology · 2025Review
- Saponin-based adjuvant uptake and induction of antigen cross-presentation by CD11b+ dendritic cells and macrophages.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Humoral and Cellular Immunity After Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Interferon Beta and Dimethyl Fumarate.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- IFN-gamma in the tumor microenvironment: dual roles in cancer progression and therapy.EXCLI journal · 2025Review
- Early antiviral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are associated with upper airway clearance of SARS-CoV-2.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Benefit delayed immunosenescence by regulating CD4Aging cell · 2024Review
- Generation of antigen-specific memory CD4 T cells by heterologous immunization enhances the magnitude of the germinal center response upon influenza infection.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 spike-FLIPr fusion protein plus lipidated FLIPr protects against various SARS-CoV-2 variants in hamsters.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2: A Glance at the Innate Immune Response Elicited by Infection and Vaccination.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Enhanced detection of antigen-specific T cells by a multiplexed AIM assay.Cell reports methods · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
NVX-CoV2373 is an adjuvanted recombinant full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer protein vaccine demonstrated to be protective against COVID-19 in efficacy trials. Here we demonstrate that vaccinated individuals made CD4+ T cell responses after 1 and 2 doses of NVX-CoV2373, and a subset of individuals made CD8+ T cell responses. Characterization of the vaccine-elicited CD8+ T cells demonstrated IFN-γ production. Characterization of the vaccine-elicited CD4+ T cells revealed both circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) cells and Th1 cells (IFN-γ+, TNF-α+, and IL-2+) were detectable within 7 days of the primary immunization. Spike-specific CD4+ T cells were correlated with the magnitude of the later SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibody titers, indicating that robust generation of CD4+ T cells, capable of supporting humoral immune responses, may be a key characteristic of NVX-CoV2373 that utilizes Matrix-M adjuvant.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.