ReviewIET information security2022
The COVID-19 scamdemic: A survey of phishing attacks and their countermeasures during COVID-19.
Review in IET information security, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Clinicians' and patients' views and experiences on virtual hospital care: a systematic review of qualitative evidence.BMJ health & care informatics · 2026Pooled it
- Optimizing Web Links Used in Digital Vaccination Invitations to Raise Trust and Booking Intention: 3 Online Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Trial
- The relationship between alcohol consumption, social distancing, and crime rates: insights from the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- SMS Scam Detection Application Based on Optical Character Recognition for Image Data Using Unsupervised and Deep Semi-Supervised Learning.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The development of phishing during the COVID-19 pandemic: An analysis of over 1100 targeted domains.Computers & security · 2023Article
- The COVID-19 scamdemic: A survey of phishing attacks and their countermeasures during COVID-19.IET information security · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic coincided with an equally-threatening scamdemic: a global epidemic of scams and frauds. The unprecedented cybersecurity concerns emerged during the pandemic sparked a torrent of research to investigate cyber-attacks and to propose solutions and countermeasures. Within the scamdemic, phishing was by far the most frequent type of attack. This survey paper reviews, summarises, compares and critically discusses 54 scientific studies and many reports by governmental bodies, security firms and the grey literature that investigated phishing attacks during COVID-19, or that proposed countermeasures against them. Our analysis identifies the main characteristics of the attacks and the main scientific trends for defending against them, thus highlighting current scientific challenges and promising avenues for future research and experimentation.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.