ArticleAnnals of epidemiology2022
Racial and ethnic disparities in the observed COVID-19 case fatality rate among the U.S. population.
Article in Annals of epidemiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Accessing High-Quality Home Health Care among Older Adults with and Without Dementia.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Case-Fatality Rates in Michigan Are Higher for Arab Americans Compared With Non-Hispanic White Individuals for the Oldest Age Groups.Ethnicity & disease · 2025Article
- The Pandemic Response Commons.JAMIA open · 2024Article
- Comparison of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19 Mortality Between Veterans Health Administration and US Populations.Journal of general internal medicine · 2023Article
- A chronological review of COVID-19 case fatality rate and its secular trend and investigation of all-cause mortality and hospitalization during the Delta and Omicron waves in the United States: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeDuring the initial 12 months of the pandemic, racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 death rates received considerable attention but it has been unclear whether disparities in death rates were due to disparities in case fatality rates (CFRs), incidence rates or both. We examined differences in observed COVID-19 CFRs between U.S. White, Black/African American, and Latinx individuals during this period.
methodsUsing data from the COVID Tracking Project and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Case Surveillance Public Use dataset, we calculated CFR ratios comparing Black and Latinx to White individuals, both overall and separately by age group. We also used a model of monthly COVID-19 deaths to estimate CFR ratios, adjusting for age, gender, and differences across states and time.
resultsOverall Black and Latinx individuals had lower CFRs than their White counterparts. However, when adjusting for age, Black and Latinx had higher CFRs than White individuals among those younger than 65. CFRs varied substantially across states and time.
conclusionsDisparities in COVID-19 case fatality among U.S. Black and Latinx individuals under age 65 were evident during the first year of the pandemic. Understanding racial and ethnic differences in COVID-19 CFRs is challenging due to limitations in available data.
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