ArticleInfection and drug resistance2022
Persistence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgG Antibodies Following COVID-19 Vaccines.
Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Symptoms, mechanisms, and management of long COVID: understanding its prevalence, characteristics, and healthcare challenges in Saudi Arabia.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Safety, immunogenicity, and breakthrough infections during 1-year follow-up after COVISHIELD™ vaccination among healthcare workers in a teaching institute in North India: A prospective longitudinal study.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- Safety and effectiveness of the booster dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in people with multiple sclerosis: A monocentric experience.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2023Article
- Salivary Antibody Responses to Two COVID-19 Vaccines following Different Vaccination Regimens.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Robust memory humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in the tonsils of adults and children.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- The Levels of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein IgG Antibodies Before and After the Third Dose of Vaccination Against COVID-19.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Article
- Kinetics of dried blood spot-measured anti-SARS-CoV2 Spike IgG in mRNA-vaccinated healthcare workers.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate antibody immune responses induced by BNT162b2 and AZD1222 human COVID-19 vaccines in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Patients and Methods: ELISA was used to evaluate antibodies, against the SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein, in serum samples from 432 vaccinated individuals at six time points: pre-vaccination (baseline), post-prime, post-boost, 6-months, and 1 year post-vaccination, and 3 weeks post a third dose. Virus microneutralization assay was used to confirm antibody responses in a subset of samples. Results: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG were detected in most subjects post-prime, reached a peak level post-boost, and remained at high level at the 6-month follow-up. At 1 year post-vaccine, the antibody levels were low but increased to a significant level higher than the peak following a third dose. The third dose was given at an average of 250 days after the second dose. The virus microneutralization assay confirmed the neutralization activity of the induced SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. The vaccines induced higher IgG titres at post-prime ( Conclusion: These data provide insights and build on the current understanding of immune responses induced by these two vaccines; and support a third boosting dose for these COVID-19 vaccines.
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