Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35935475›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in systems biology2022

Drug Development Digital Twins for Drug Discovery, Testing and Repurposing: A Schema for Requirements and Development.

Gary An, Chase Cockrell

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in systems biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. The Potential of Digital Twins for Pediatric Rare Diseases.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Enhancing randomized clinical trials with digital twins.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2025
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Digital twin for personalized medicine development.Frontiers in digital health · 2025
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Gary AnDepartment of Surgery, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States.
Chase CockrellDepartment of Surgery, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States.

Funding

Agent-based Models to address the Crisis of Reproducibility and Precision MedicineU01EB025825 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE · PI AN, GARY, FAISSOL, DANIEL M · 2018 to 2021
$2.3M
NIBIB NIH HHS U01 EB025825
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There has been a great deal of interest in the concept, development and implementation of medical digital twins. This interest has led to wide ranging perceptions of what constitutes a medical digital twin. This Perspectives article will provide 1) a description of fundamental features of industrial digital twins, the source of the digital twin concept, 2) aspects of biology that challenge the implementation of medical digital twins, 3) a schematic program of how a specific medical digital twin project could be defined, and 4) an example description within that schematic program for a specific type of medical digital twin intended for drug discovery, testing and repurposing, the Drug Development Digital Twin (DDDT).

Indexed as

digital twindrug discoverydrug repurposingin silico trialsmachine learning and AImultiscale modelingtranslational systems biology

Identifiers

PMID35935475
PMCPMC9351294

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.