ArticleCell host & microbe2022
Immunological memory to common cold coronaviruses assessed longitudinally over a three-year period pre-COVID19 pandemic.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- Discordant Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Household Contacts.Clinical immunology communications · 2026Article
- HKU1 immune imprinting is associated with post-COVID symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection.iScience · 2026Article
- Peripheral rotavirus-specific T-cell responses following monovalent oral rotavirus vaccine in infants.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Current Status and Challenges of Vaccine Development for Seasonal Human Coronaviruses.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 T cell responses as a function of multiple COVID-19 boosters.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Chikungunya virus-specific CD4Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Enhanced and long-lasting SARS-CoV-2 immune memory in individuals with common cold coronavirus cross-reactive T cell immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Cytokine profile of anti-spike CD4iScience · 2024Article
- T cell hybrid immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in children: a longitudinal study.EBioMedicine · 2024Article
- Investigating viral and autoimmune T cell responses associated with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19.Human immunology · 2024Article
- Distinct T cell polyfunctional profile in SARS-CoV-2 seronegative children associated with endemic human coronavirus cross-reactivity.iScience · 2024Article
- High frequencies of alpha common cold coronavirus/SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive functional CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Cross-protection induced by highly conserved human B, CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- COVID-19 on Oral Health: A New Bilateral Connection for the Pandemic.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Potential use of endemic human coronaviruses to stimulate immunity against pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2023Article
- T cell reactivity to Bordetella pertussis is highly diverse regardless of childhood vaccination.Cell host & microbe · 2023Article
- An update on studies characterizing adaptive immune responses in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination.International immunology · 2023Article
- Targets and cross-reactivity of human T cell recognition of common cold coronaviruses.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Functional SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The immune memory to common cold coronaviruses (CCCs) influences SARS-CoV-2 infection outcome, and understanding its effect is crucial for pan-coronavirus vaccine development. We performed a longitudinal analysis of pre-COVID19-pandemic samples from 2016-2019 in young adults and assessed CCC-specific CD4+ T cell and antibody responses. Notably, CCC responses were commonly detected with comparable frequencies as with other common antigens and were sustained over time. CCC-specific CD4+ T cell responses were associated with low HLA-DR+CD38+ signals, and their magnitude did not correlate with yearly CCC infection prevalence. Similarly, CCC-specific and spike RBD-specific IgG responses were stable in time. Finally, high CCC-specific CD4+ T cell reactivity, but not antibody titers, was associated with pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 immunity. These results provide a valuable reference for understanding the immune response to endemic coronaviruses and suggest that steady and sustained CCC responses are likely from a stable pool of memory CD4+ T cells due to repeated earlier exposures and possibly occasional reinfections.
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