ArticleBMC complementary medicine and therapies2022
Rhein promotes the proliferation of keratinocytes by targeting oestrogen receptors for skin ulcer treatment.
Article in BMC complementary medicine and therapies, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurohormonal-Immune Dysregulation in Rosacea: Emerging Perspectives from the Skin-Gut-Brain Axis.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Activities of Flavonoids and Anthraquinones fromPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Rhein promotes skin wound healing by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2024Article
- Preparation of Bioactive De-Chlorophyll Rhein-RichAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Kampo herbal ointments for skin wound healing.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Sheng-ji Hua-yu (SJHY) formula is a quite effective Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) in the treatment of delayed diabetic wounds. Previous research has shown that the SJHY formula has significant anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects, but the precise mechanism remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of rhein, a compound extracted from SJHY formula, in keratinocytes and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.
methodsMicroscale thermophoresis (MST) technology was used to confirm that rhein binds directly to oestrogen receptors (ERs). Rhein was then used to treat keratinocytes in vitro. Cell cycle and proliferation analysis, Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western-blot were conducted.
resultsRhein increased the proportion of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle and promoted keratinocyte proliferation. ICI 182,780, an ER inhibitor, was also used to treat keratinocytes. The expression of c-myc mRNA and protein induced by rhein was antagonized by ICI 182,780, indicating that this induction is ER dependent. Intervention with ICI 182,780 had no effect on the upregulation of FosB and JunD, indicating that activator protein 1 (AP-1) members (FosB and JunD) are involved in rhein-induced c-myc mRNA and protein expression but does not require the ER.
conclusionThe present study found that rhein stimulates keratinocyte proliferation by activating the oestrogen signalling pathway via the oestrogen receptor, which induces the expression of c-myc in collaboration with FosB and JunD, thereby accelerating the process of re-epithelialization.
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