Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35931960›Full record

ArticleBMC bioinformatics2022

In-silico design of an immunoinformatics based multi-epitope vaccine against Leishmania donovani.

Subhadip Saha, Shubham Vashishtha, Bishwajit Kundu, Monidipa Ghosh

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC bioinformatics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pangenome-GuidedPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
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  5. Article
  6. Leishmaniasis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Towards precision epitopes based vaccine againstBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025
    Article
  10. Design of a Multi-Epitope Vaccine Based onInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Frontiers in oncology · 2025
    Article
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  19. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Subhadip SahaDepartment of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, India.
Shubham VashishthaKusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
Bishwajit KunduKusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
Monidipa GhoshDepartment of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, India. monidipa.ghosh@bt.nitdgp.ac.in.
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi · INNational Institute of Technology Durgapur · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVisceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a fatal vector-borne parasitic disorder occurring mainly in tropical and subtropical regions. VL falls under the category of neglected tropical diseases with growing drug resistance and lacking a licensed vaccine. Conventional vaccine synthesis techniques are often very laborious and challenging. With the advancement of bioinformatics and its application in immunology, it is now more convenient to design multi-epitope vaccines comprising predicted immuno-dominant epitopes of multiple antigenic proteins. We have chosen four antigenic proteins of Leishmania donovani and identified their T-cell and B-cell epitopes, utilizing those for in-silico chimeric vaccine designing. The various physicochemical characteristics of the vaccine have been explored and the tertiary structure of the chimeric construct is predicted to perform docking studies and molecular dynamics simulations.

resultsThe vaccine construct is generated by joining the epitopes with specific linkers. The predicted tertiary structure of the vaccine has been found to be valid and docking studies reveal the construct shows a high affinity towards the TLR-4 receptor. Population coverage analysis shows the vaccine can be effective on the majority of the world population. In-silico immune simulation studies confirms the vaccine to raise a pro-inflammatory response with the proliferation of activated T and B cells. In-silico codon optimization and cloning of the vaccine nucleic acid sequence have also been achieved in the pET28a vector.

conclusionThe above bioinformatics data support that the construct may act as a potential vaccine. Further wet lab synthesis of the vaccine and in vivo works has to be undertaken in animal model to confirm vaccine potency.

Indexed as

Leishmania donovaniLeishmaniasis, VisceralComputational BiologyEpitopes, B-LymphocyteEpitopes, T-LymphocyteHumansMolecular Docking SimulationVaccines, SubunitEpitopes, B-LymphocyteEpitopes, T-LymphocyteVaccines, SubunitImmunoinformaticsLeishmania donovaniMolecular dockingVaccineVisceral leishmaniasis

Identifiers

PMID35931960
PMCPMC9354309
OpenAlexW4289861264

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.