Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35929369›Full record

ArticleJournal of applied microbiology2022

Norovirus attribution study: Detection of norovirus from the commercial food preparation environment in outbreak and non-outbreak premises.

Nicola C Elviss, David J Allen, Daniel Kelly, Joyce Odeke Akello, Sarah Hau, Andrew J Fox, Mark Hopkins, Jade Derrick, Sarah O'Brien, Miren Iturriza-Gomara and 1 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of applied microbiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Nicola C ElvissFood, Water and Environmental Microbiology Services, United Kingdom Health Security Agency, London, UK.
David J AllenDepartment of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1194-0415
Daniel KellyInstitute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Joyce Odeke AkelloVirus Reference Department, United Kingdom Health Security Agency, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0483-426X
Sarah HauInstitute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Andrew J FoxField Services, United Kingdom Health Security Agency, London, UK.
Mark HopkinsLiverpool Clinical Laboratories, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4744-8542
Jade DerrickVirus Reference Department, United Kingdom Health Security Agency, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0395-8842
Sarah O'BrienThe Farr Institute@HeRC, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Miren Iturriza-GomaraNIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, Liverpool, UK.
Conducted as part of NoVAS
University of Liverpool · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsNorovirus remains the most significant virological risk that is transmitted via food and the environment to cause acute gastroenteritis. This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that the contamination of the commercial food production environment with norovirus will be higher in premises that have recently reported a foodborne norovirus outbreak than those that have not.

methodsSampling of commercial food production environments was carried out across a 16-month period between January 2015 and April 2016 in the South East and the North West of England by local authority environmental health departments as part of routine surveillance visits to premises. A total of 2982 samples, 2038 virological and 944 bacteriological, were collected from 256 premises. Sixteen of these premises, six from South East and ten from North West England, were sampled as part of a public health outbreak investigation. RESULTS &

conclusionsOverall, 2038 swabs were submitted for norovirus testing, with an average of eight swabs per premises (range 4 to 23) and a median of seven. Of the premises sampled, 11.7% (30/256) yielded at least one norovirus-positive sample (environmental, and/or food handler hand swab), and 2.5% of the swabs were positive for norovirus. A peak in the positivity rate was seen in the South East in April 2016. No associations were found between norovirus positivity and bacteriology indicators, or between bacteriology indicators and hygiene ratings. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY: This study demonstrates that food premises and food handlers remain a potential source of norovirus transmission and outbreaks.

Indexed as

Caliciviridae InfectionsGastroenteritisNorovirusDisease OutbreaksFood HandlingHumansenvironmentalfoodmolecular epidemiologyPCR (polymerase chain reaction)viruses

Identifiers

PMID35929369
PMCPMC9826197
OpenAlexW4289943085

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.