Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35929363›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of geriatric psychiatry2022

Network structure of time-varying depressive symptoms through dynamic time warp analysis in late-life depression.

Denise C R van Zelst, Eveline M Veltman, Didi Rhebergen, Paul Naarding, Almar A L Kok, Nathaly Rius Ottenheim, Erik J Giltay

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

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  5. Clustering and drivers of symptoms observed at week six after antidepressant treatment in depressed outpatients.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Denise C R van ZelstGGZ Rivierduinen, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-5267-8452
Eveline M VeltmanGGZ Rivierduinen, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Didi RhebergenMental Health Care Institute GGZ Centraal, Amersfoort, The Netherlands.
Paul NaardingDepartment of Old-age Psychiatry, GGNet Apeldoorn/Zutphen, Zutphen, The Netherlands.
Almar A L KokDepartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Nathaly Rius OttenheimDepartment of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Erik J GiltayDepartment of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Leiden University Medical Center · NLGelre Hospitals · NLGGz centraal · NLGGZ Rivierduinen · NLUniversity of Antwerp · BEVrije Universiteit Amsterdam · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesLate-life major depressive disorder (MDD) can be conceptualized as a complex dynamic system. However, it is not straightforward how to analyze the covarying depressive symptoms over time in case of sparse panel data. Dynamic time warping (DTW) analysis may yield symptom networks and dimensions both at the patient and group level.

methodsIn the Netherlands Study of Depression in Older People (NESDO) depressive symptoms were assessed every 6 months using the 30-item Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS) with up to 13 assessments per participant. Our sample consisted of 182 persons, aged ≥ 60 years, with an IDS total score of 26 or higher at baseline. Symptom networks dimensions, and centrality metrics were analyzed using DTW and Distatis analyses.

resultsThe mean age was 69.8 years (SD 7.1), with 69.0% females, and a mean IDS score of 38.0 (SD = 8.7). DTW enabled visualization of an idiographic symptom network in a single NESDO participant. In the group-level nomothetic approach, four depressive symptom dimensions were identified: "core symptoms", "lethargy/somatic", "sleep", and "appetite/atypical". Items of the "internalizing symptoms" dimension had the highest centrality, whose symptom changes over time were most similar to those changes of other symptoms.

conclusionsDTW revealed symptom networks and dimensions based on the within-person symptom changes in older MDD patients. Its centrality metrics signal the most influential symptoms, which may aid personalized care.

Indexed as

Major Depressive DisorderAgedDepressionFemaleHumansMaleNetherlandscluster analysisdynamic time warp analysisInventory of Depressive Symptomatologylate-life depressionmajor depressive disordernetwork analysistime series

Identifiers

PMID35929363
PMCPMC9543072
OpenAlexW4286490925

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.