ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2022
Manipulation of coacervate droplets with an electric field.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sustained formation movement and destruction of coacervates in a waste-free system driven by electricity.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Mast cell extracellular granules are bioactive condensates assembled by heparin and polyamine.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- Programmable Spatial Demixing in Prebiotic Coacervates.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Enhanced Condensation of RNA Repeats Induced by Terahertz Oscillatory Fields.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Electrostatic bimodality of human cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS-dsDNA condensates revealed by millisecond flashing electrophoretic separation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Bottom-Up Coacervate-Based Artificial Cells: Integrating Cellular Hallmarks into Complex Life-Like Systems.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Review
- Increasing the Compositional Heterogeneity of Single-Chain Amphiphile Membranes Supported by Coacervate Cores Alters Stability and Properties of the Hybrid Protocells.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2026Article
- Asymmetry in Hydrophobicity Induces Electric Potential in Non-Charged Biomolecular Condensates.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in Collective Behaviors of Micro/Nanomotor Swarms.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Complex Coacervate Emulsions as a Strategy to Stabilize Enzymes for Catalysis in Organic Solvents.ACS macro letters · 2026Article
- Mixing protocols determine liquid-liquid phase separation dynamics in polyelectrolyte complex coacervation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Mast cell extracellular granules are bioactive condensates driven by heparin and polyamine.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Engineering Motile Coacervate Droplets via Nanomotor Stabilization.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Stabilization of Condensate Interfaces Using Dynamic Protein Insertion.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Review
- Thermophilic Behavior of Heat-Dissociative Coacervate Droplets.Nano letters · 2024Article
- Coacervate Droplets as Biomimetic Models for Designing Cell-Like Microreactors.Macromolecular rapid communications · 2024Review
- Form Equals Function: Influence of Coacervate Architecture on Drug Delivery Applications.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2024Review
- The molecular picture of the local environment in a stable model coacervate.Communications chemistry · 2024Article
- Did the exposure of coacervate droplets to rain make them the first stable protocells?Science advances · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Many biopolymers are highly charged, and as in the case of many polymer mixtures, they tend to phase separate as a natural consequence of chain connectivity and an associated relatively low entropy of polymer mixing. Recently, it has become appreciated that the phase-separated structures formed by such polyelectrolyte blends, called "complex coacervates," underlie numerous biological structures and processes essential to living systems, and there has been intense interest in understanding the unique physical features of this type of phase-separation process. In the present work, we are particularly concerned with the field responsiveness of stabilized coacervate droplets formed after the phase separation of polyelectrolyte blend solution and then exposed to deionized water, making the droplet interfacial layer acquire a viscoelastic character that strongly stabilizes it against coalescence. We show that we can precisely control the positions of individual droplets and arrays of them with relatively low-voltage electric fields (on the order of 10 V/cm) and that the imposition of an oscillatory field gives rise to chain formation with coarsening of these chains into long fibers. Such a phase-separation-like process is generally observed in electrorheological fluids of solid colloidal particles subjected to much larger field strengths. The key to these coacervates' electrorheological properties is the altered interfacial viscoelastic properties when the droplets are introduced into deionized water and the associated high polarizability of the droplets, similar to the properties of many living cells. Since many different molecular payloads can be incorporated into these stable droplets, we anticipate many applications.
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